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Sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants to neutralizing antibodies

View ORCID ProfileDelphine Planas, View ORCID ProfileTimothée Bruel, View ORCID ProfileLudivine Grzelak, Florence Guivel-Benhassine, Isabelle Staropoli, Françoise Porrot, View ORCID ProfileCyril Planchais, View ORCID ProfileJulian Buchrieser, View ORCID ProfileMaaran Michael Rajah, Elodie Bishop, Mélanie Albert, Flora Donati, View ORCID ProfileSylvie Behillil, View ORCID ProfileVincent Enouf, Marianne Maquart, Maria Gonzalez, Jérôme De Sèze, Hélène Péré, View ORCID ProfileDavid Veyer, Aymeric Sève, View ORCID ProfileEtienne Simon-Lorière, View ORCID ProfileSamira Fafi-Kremer, View ORCID ProfileKarl Stefic, View ORCID ProfileHugo Mouquet, View ORCID ProfileLaurent Hocqueloux, Sylvie van der Werf, View ORCID ProfileThierry Prazuck, View ORCID ProfileOlivier Schwartz
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.12.430472
Delphine Planas
1Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
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  • ORCID record for Delphine Planas
Timothée Bruel
1Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
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Ludivine Grzelak
1Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
2Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Florence Guivel-Benhassine
1Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
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Isabelle Staropoli
1Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
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Françoise Porrot
1Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
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Cyril Planchais
3Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1222, Paris, France
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Julian Buchrieser
1Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
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Maaran Michael Rajah
1Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
2Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Elodie Bishop
1Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
2Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Mélanie Albert
4Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur CNRS UMR 3569; Université de Paris, Paris, France
5National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Flora Donati
4Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur CNRS UMR 3569; Université de Paris, Paris, France
5National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Sylvie Behillil
4Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur CNRS UMR 3569; Université de Paris, Paris, France
5National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Vincent Enouf
4Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur CNRS UMR 3569; Université de Paris, Paris, France
5National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Marianne Maquart
6INSERM U1259, Université de Tours, Tours, France
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Maria Gonzalez
7CHU de Strasbourg, Service de Pathologie Professionnelle et Médecine du Travail, Strasbourg, France
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Jérôme De Sèze
8Centre d’investigation Clinique INSERM 1434, CHU Strasbourg, France; CHU de Strasbourg, Service de Neurologie, Strasbourg, France
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Hélène Péré
9INSERM, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors (FunGeST), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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David Veyer
9INSERM, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors (FunGeST), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
10Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Virologie, Paris, France
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Aymeric Sève
11CHR d’Orléans, service de maladies infectieuses, Orléans, France
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Etienne Simon-Lorière
12G5 Evolutionary Genomics of RNA Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Samira Fafi-Kremer
13CHU de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Virologie, Strasbourg, France
14Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, IRM UMR_S 1109, Strasbourg, France
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Karl Stefic
6INSERM U1259, Université de Tours, Tours, France
15CHRU de Tours, National Reference Center for HIV-Associated laboratory, Tours, France
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Hugo Mouquet
3Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1222, Paris, France
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Laurent Hocqueloux
11CHR d’Orléans, service de maladies infectieuses, Orléans, France
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Sylvie van der Werf
4Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur CNRS UMR 3569; Université de Paris, Paris, France
5National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Thierry Prazuck
11CHR d’Orléans, service de maladies infectieuses, Orléans, France
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Olivier Schwartz
1Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France; Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
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  • For correspondence: olivier.schwartz@pasteur.fr
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Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants emerged respectively in United Kingdom and South Africa and spread in many countries. Here, we isolated infectious B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 strains and examined their sensitivity to anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies present in sera and nasal swabs, in comparison with a D614G reference virus. We established a novel rapid neutralization assay, based on reporter cells that become GFP+ after overnight infection. B.1.1.7 was neutralized by 79/83 sera from convalescent patients collected up to 9 months post symptoms, almost similar to D614G. There was a mean 6-fold reduction in titers and even loss of activity against B.1.351 in 40% of convalescent sera after 9 months. Early sera from 19 vaccinated individuals were almost as potent against B.1.1.7 but less efficacious against B.1.351, when compared to D614G. Nasal swabs from vaccine recipients were not neutralizing, except in individuals who were diagnosed COVID-19+ before vaccination. Thus, faster-spreading variants acquired a partial resistance to humoral immunity generated by natural infection or vaccination, mostly visible in individuals with low antibody levels.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • ↵* co-first authors

  • ↵** co-last authors

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants to neutralizing antibodies
Delphine Planas, Timothée Bruel, Ludivine Grzelak, Florence Guivel-Benhassine, Isabelle Staropoli, Françoise Porrot, Cyril Planchais, Julian Buchrieser, Maaran Michael Rajah, Elodie Bishop, Mélanie Albert, Flora Donati, Sylvie Behillil, Vincent Enouf, Marianne Maquart, Maria Gonzalez, Jérôme De Sèze, Hélène Péré, David Veyer, Aymeric Sève, Etienne Simon-Lorière, Samira Fafi-Kremer, Karl Stefic, Hugo Mouquet, Laurent Hocqueloux, Sylvie van der Werf, Thierry Prazuck, Olivier Schwartz
bioRxiv 2021.02.12.430472; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.12.430472
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Sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants to neutralizing antibodies
Delphine Planas, Timothée Bruel, Ludivine Grzelak, Florence Guivel-Benhassine, Isabelle Staropoli, Françoise Porrot, Cyril Planchais, Julian Buchrieser, Maaran Michael Rajah, Elodie Bishop, Mélanie Albert, Flora Donati, Sylvie Behillil, Vincent Enouf, Marianne Maquart, Maria Gonzalez, Jérôme De Sèze, Hélène Péré, David Veyer, Aymeric Sève, Etienne Simon-Lorière, Samira Fafi-Kremer, Karl Stefic, Hugo Mouquet, Laurent Hocqueloux, Sylvie van der Werf, Thierry Prazuck, Olivier Schwartz
bioRxiv 2021.02.12.430472; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.12.430472

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