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Favourable antibody responses to human coronaviruses in children and adolescents with autoimmune rheumatic diseases

Claire T. Deakin, Georgina H. Cornish, Kevin W. Ng, Nikhil Faulkner, William Bolland, Veera Panova, Joshua Hope, Annachiara Rosa, Ruth Harvey, Saira Hussain, Christopher Earl, Bethany R. Jebson, Meredyth G.Ll. Wilkinson, Lucy R. Marshall, Kathryn O’Brien, Elizabeth C. Rosser, Anna Radziszewska, Hannah Peckham, Judith Heaney, Hannah Rickman, Stavroula Paraskevopoulou, Catherine F. Houlihan, Moira J. Spyer, Steve J. Gamblin, John McCauley, Eleni Nastouli, Peter Cherepanov, Coziana Ciurtin, Lucy R. Wedderburn, View ORCID ProfileGeorge Kassiotis
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.15.431291
Claire T. Deakin
6Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), UCL, London, UK
7UCL Great Ormond Street Institute for Child Health (ICH), UCL, London, UK
12National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at GOSH, London, UK
13OPAL Rheumatology Ltd, Sydney, Australia
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Georgina H. Cornish
1Retroviral Immunology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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Kevin W. Ng
1Retroviral Immunology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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Nikhil Faulkner
1Retroviral Immunology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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William Bolland
1Retroviral Immunology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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Veera Panova
1Retroviral Immunology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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Joshua Hope
2Chromatin Structure and Mobile DNA Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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Annachiara Rosa
2Chromatin Structure and Mobile DNA Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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Ruth Harvey
3Worldwide Influenza Centre, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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Saira Hussain
3Worldwide Influenza Centre, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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Christopher Earl
4Signalling and Structural Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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Bethany R. Jebson
6Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), UCL, London, UK
7UCL Great Ormond Street Institute for Child Health (ICH), UCL, London, UK
12National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at GOSH, London, UK
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Meredyth G.Ll. Wilkinson
6Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), UCL, London, UK
7UCL Great Ormond Street Institute for Child Health (ICH), UCL, London, UK
12National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at GOSH, London, UK
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Lucy R. Marshall
6Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), UCL, London, UK
7UCL Great Ormond Street Institute for Child Health (ICH), UCL, London, UK
12National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at GOSH, London, UK
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Kathryn O’Brien
6Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), UCL, London, UK
7UCL Great Ormond Street Institute for Child Health (ICH), UCL, London, UK
12National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at GOSH, London, UK
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Elizabeth C. Rosser
6Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), UCL, London, UK
8Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, UCL, London, UK
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Anna Radziszewska
6Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), UCL, London, UK
8Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, UCL, London, UK
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Hannah Peckham
6Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), UCL, London, UK
8Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, UCL, London, UK
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Judith Heaney
9UCLH NHS Trust, London NW1 2BU, UK
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Hannah Rickman
9UCLH NHS Trust, London NW1 2BU, UK
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Stavroula Paraskevopoulou
9UCLH NHS Trust, London NW1 2BU, UK
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Catherine F. Houlihan
9UCLH NHS Trust, London NW1 2BU, UK
10Division of Infection and Immunity, UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Moira J. Spyer
9UCLH NHS Trust, London NW1 2BU, UK
11Department of Population, Policy and Practice, Great Ormond Street ICH, UCL, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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Steve J. Gamblin
5Structural Biology of Disease Processes Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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John McCauley
3Worldwide Influenza Centre, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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Eleni Nastouli
9UCLH NHS Trust, London NW1 2BU, UK
11Department of Population, Policy and Practice, Great Ormond Street ICH, UCL, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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Peter Cherepanov
2Chromatin Structure and Mobile DNA Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
14Department of Infectious Disease, St Mary’s Hospital, Imperial College London, London W2 1NY, UK
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Coziana Ciurtin
6Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), UCL, London, UK
8Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, UCL, London, UK
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  • For correspondence: george.kassiotis@crick.ac.uk l.wedderburn@ucl.ac.uk c.ciurtin@ucl.ac.uk
Lucy R. Wedderburn
6Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at University College London (UCL), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), UCL, London, UK
7UCL Great Ormond Street Institute for Child Health (ICH), UCL, London, UK
12National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at GOSH, London, UK
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  • For correspondence: george.kassiotis@crick.ac.uk l.wedderburn@ucl.ac.uk c.ciurtin@ucl.ac.uk
George Kassiotis
1Retroviral Immunology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
14Department of Infectious Disease, St Mary’s Hospital, Imperial College London, London W2 1NY, UK
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  • ORCID record for George Kassiotis
  • For correspondence: george.kassiotis@crick.ac.uk l.wedderburn@ucl.ac.uk c.ciurtin@ucl.ac.uk
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Abstract

Differences in humoral immunity to coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), between children and adults remain unexplained and the impact of underlying immune dysfunction or suppression unknown. Here, we examined the antibody immune competence of children and adolescents with prevalent inflammatory rheumatic diseases, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) and juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE), against the seasonal human coronavirus (HCoV)-OC43 that frequently infects this age group. Despite immune dysfunction and immunosuppressive treatment, JIA, JDM and JSLE patients mounted comparable or stronger responses than healthier peers, dominated by IgG antibodies to HCoV-OC43 spike, and harboured IgG antibodies that cross-reacted with SARS-CoV-2 spike. In contrast, responses to HCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2 nucleoproteins exhibited delayed age-dependent class-switching and were not elevated in JIA, JDM and JSLE patients, arguing against increased exposure. Consequently, autoimmune rheumatic diseases and their treatment were associated with a favourable ratio of spike to nucleoprotein antibodies.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Favourable antibody responses to human coronaviruses in children and adolescents with autoimmune rheumatic diseases
Claire T. Deakin, Georgina H. Cornish, Kevin W. Ng, Nikhil Faulkner, William Bolland, Veera Panova, Joshua Hope, Annachiara Rosa, Ruth Harvey, Saira Hussain, Christopher Earl, Bethany R. Jebson, Meredyth G.Ll. Wilkinson, Lucy R. Marshall, Kathryn O’Brien, Elizabeth C. Rosser, Anna Radziszewska, Hannah Peckham, Judith Heaney, Hannah Rickman, Stavroula Paraskevopoulou, Catherine F. Houlihan, Moira J. Spyer, Steve J. Gamblin, John McCauley, Eleni Nastouli, Peter Cherepanov, Coziana Ciurtin, Lucy R. Wedderburn, George Kassiotis
bioRxiv 2021.02.15.431291; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.15.431291
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Favourable antibody responses to human coronaviruses in children and adolescents with autoimmune rheumatic diseases
Claire T. Deakin, Georgina H. Cornish, Kevin W. Ng, Nikhil Faulkner, William Bolland, Veera Panova, Joshua Hope, Annachiara Rosa, Ruth Harvey, Saira Hussain, Christopher Earl, Bethany R. Jebson, Meredyth G.Ll. Wilkinson, Lucy R. Marshall, Kathryn O’Brien, Elizabeth C. Rosser, Anna Radziszewska, Hannah Peckham, Judith Heaney, Hannah Rickman, Stavroula Paraskevopoulou, Catherine F. Houlihan, Moira J. Spyer, Steve J. Gamblin, John McCauley, Eleni Nastouli, Peter Cherepanov, Coziana Ciurtin, Lucy R. Wedderburn, George Kassiotis
bioRxiv 2021.02.15.431291; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.15.431291

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