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Planum Temporale grey matter volume asymmetries in new-born monkeys (Papio anubis)

View ORCID ProfileYannick Becker, Romane Phelipon, View ORCID ProfileJulien Sein, View ORCID ProfileLionel Velly, Luc Renaud, View ORCID ProfileAdrien Meguerditchian
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.22.432274
Yannick Becker
1Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive, UMR 7290, Université Aix-Marseille / CNRS, 13331 Marseille, France
2Institut des Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, Université Aix-Marseille / CNRS, 13005 Marseille, France
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Romane Phelipon
1Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive, UMR 7290, Université Aix-Marseille / CNRS, 13331 Marseille, France
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Julien Sein
2Institut des Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, Université Aix-Marseille / CNRS, 13005 Marseille, France
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Lionel Velly
2Institut des Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, Université Aix-Marseille / CNRS, 13005 Marseille, France
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Luc Renaud
2Institut des Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, Université Aix-Marseille / CNRS, 13005 Marseille, France
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Adrien Meguerditchian
1Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive, UMR 7290, Université Aix-Marseille / CNRS, 13331 Marseille, France
3Station de Primatologie, CNRS, UPS846, 13790 Rousset, France
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  • For correspondence: adrien.meguerditchian@univ-amu.fr
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Abstract

The Planum Temporale (PT) is one of the key hubs of the language network in the human brain. The gross asymmetry of this perisylvian region toward the left brain was considered as the most emblematic marker of hemispheric specialization of language processes in the brain. Interestingly, this neuroanatomical signature was documented also in newborn infants and preterms, suggesting the early brain’s readiness for language acquisition. Nevertheless, this latter interpretation was questioned by a recent report in nonhuman primates of a potential similar signature in newborn baboons Papio anubis based on PT surface measures. Whether this “tip of the iceberg” PT asymmetry is actually reflecting asymmetry of its underlying grey matter volume remain unclear but critical to investigate potential continuities of cortical specialization with human infants. Here we report a population-level leftward asymmetry of the Planum Temporale grey matter volume in in vivo 34 newborn baboons Papio anubis, which showed intra-individual positive correlation with PT surface’s asymmetry measures but also a more pronounced degree of leftward asymmetry at the population-level. This finding demonstrates that PT leftward structural asymmetry in this Old World monkey species is a robust phenomenon in early primate development, which clearly speaks for a continuity with early human brain specialization. Results also strengthen the hypothesis that early PT asymmetry might be not a human-specific marker for the pre-wired language-ready brain in infants.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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Posted February 22, 2021.
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Planum Temporale grey matter volume asymmetries in new-born monkeys (Papio anubis)
Yannick Becker, Romane Phelipon, Julien Sein, Lionel Velly, Luc Renaud, Adrien Meguerditchian
bioRxiv 2021.02.22.432274; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.22.432274
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Planum Temporale grey matter volume asymmetries in new-born monkeys (Papio anubis)
Yannick Becker, Romane Phelipon, Julien Sein, Lionel Velly, Luc Renaud, Adrien Meguerditchian
bioRxiv 2021.02.22.432274; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.22.432274

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