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Thermal Fogging with Disinfectant Didecyl Dimethyl Ammonium Bromide Effectively Kills A Coronavirus, An Influenza Virus and Two Indicator Bacteria in Subzero Cold-Chain Environment

Qiaoyun Hu, Pei Ma, Junyi Hong, Yulong Wang, Dong Huang, Yadi Tan, Zhengjun Yu
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.25.436894
Qiaoyun Hu
aHunan Sino-Clean Bio Institute, 001-401 Jinzhou North Road, Ningxiang High-tech Zone, Hunan Province, 410600, China
bHunan Center for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, 708 Changsha Avenue, Changsha, Hunan province, 410014, China
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Pei Ma
aHunan Sino-Clean Bio Institute, 001-401 Jinzhou North Road, Ningxiang High-tech Zone, Hunan Province, 410600, China
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Junyi Hong
aHunan Sino-Clean Bio Institute, 001-401 Jinzhou North Road, Ningxiang High-tech Zone, Hunan Province, 410600, China
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Yulong Wang
aHunan Sino-Clean Bio Institute, 001-401 Jinzhou North Road, Ningxiang High-tech Zone, Hunan Province, 410600, China
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Dong Huang
aHunan Sino-Clean Bio Institute, 001-401 Jinzhou North Road, Ningxiang High-tech Zone, Hunan Province, 410600, China
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Yadi Tan
aHunan Sino-Clean Bio Institute, 001-401 Jinzhou North Road, Ningxiang High-tech Zone, Hunan Province, 410600, China
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Zhengjun Yu
aHunan Sino-Clean Bio Institute, 001-401 Jinzhou North Road, Ningxiang High-tech Zone, Hunan Province, 410600, China
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  • For correspondence: yuzhengjun_scbio@163.com
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Abstract

Background The origin of several local COVID-19 outbreaks in China in 2020 were confirmed to be frozen food or packages contaminated with SARS-CoV-2, revealing the lack of effective disinfection measures in the frozen food chain.

Objective To evaluate the disinfection efficacy at −20°C of a recently marketed thermal fogging disinfection product, with disinfectant-antifreeze combination being didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB) - propylene glycol (PPG).

Method Carriers with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) YN1, a coronavirus, and a swine influenza virus H1N1 (SIV-H1N1), and three indicator bacteria, E. coli, S. aureus, and B. subtilis endospores, were respectively placed in a −20°C freezer warehouse with or without DDAB-PPG fogging and activities of the microorganisms were tested.

Results At −20°C, DDAB-PPG fogging, which fully settles in 3.5−4.5 hours, fully inactivated PEDV of 10−3.5 TCID50/0.1ml and SIV-H1N1 of 26 hemagglutination titer within 15-30 min, and inactivated S. aureus and E. coli vegetative cells (106/ml) within 15 or 60 min, respectively, but had little effect on B. subtilis spores. The bactericidal effect lasted at least 3 hours for bacteria on carrier plates and for 6 hours for airborne bacteria.

Conclusions A practical subzero temperature disinfection technology was confirmed its efficacy in killing enveloped viruses and vegetative bacteria. It would help to meet the urgent public health need of environmental disinfection in frozen food logistics against pandemic and other potential pathogens and to enhance national and international biosecurity.

Highlights

  • First report of efficacy of disinfectant didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB) at subzero temperatures

  • The customized thermal fogging machine makes fine droplets of DDAB-propylene glycol (PPG) fog which can suspend for ~4 hours at −20°C

  • DDAB-PPG thermal fogging at −20°C effectively inactivated a coronavirus and an influenza virus

  • DDAB-PPG thermal fogging at −20°C for effectively killed S. aureus and E. coli

  • DDAB-PPG thermal fogging at −20°C inactivated airborne microorganism for up to 6 h

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted March 26, 2021.
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Thermal Fogging with Disinfectant Didecyl Dimethyl Ammonium Bromide Effectively Kills A Coronavirus, An Influenza Virus and Two Indicator Bacteria in Subzero Cold-Chain Environment
Qiaoyun Hu, Pei Ma, Junyi Hong, Yulong Wang, Dong Huang, Yadi Tan, Zhengjun Yu
bioRxiv 2021.03.25.436894; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.25.436894
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Thermal Fogging with Disinfectant Didecyl Dimethyl Ammonium Bromide Effectively Kills A Coronavirus, An Influenza Virus and Two Indicator Bacteria in Subzero Cold-Chain Environment
Qiaoyun Hu, Pei Ma, Junyi Hong, Yulong Wang, Dong Huang, Yadi Tan, Zhengjun Yu
bioRxiv 2021.03.25.436894; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.25.436894

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