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Time-varying Dynamic Network Model For Dynamic Resting State Functional Connectivity in fMRI and MEG imaging

Fei Jiang, Huaqing Jin, Yijing Gao, Xihe Xie, Jennifer Cummings, Ashish Raj, Srikantan Nagarajan
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.01.438060
Fei Jiang
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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  • For correspondence: feijiang.edu@gmail.com
Huaqing Jin
2Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, CN
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Yijing Gao
3De-partment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Xihe Xie
3De-partment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Jennifer Cummings
3De-partment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Ashish Raj
3De-partment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Srikantan Nagarajan
3De-partment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Abstract

Dynamic resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) characterizes fluctuations that occurs over time in functional brain networks. Existing methods to extract dynamic RSFCs, such as sliding-window and clustering methods, have various limitations due to their inherent non-adaptive nature and high-dimensionality including an inability to reconstruct brain signals, insufficiency of data for reliable estimation, insensitivity to rapid changes in dynamics, and a lack of generalizability across multimodal functional imaging datasets. To overcome these deficiencies, we develop a novel and unifying time-varying dynamic network (TVDN) framework for examining dynamic resting state functional connectivity. TVDN includes a generative model that describes the relation between low-dimensional dynamic RSFC and the brain signals, and an inference algorithm that automatically and adaptively learns to detect dynamic state transitions in data and a low-dimensional manifold of dynamic RSFC. TVDN is generalizable to handle multimodal functional neuroimaging data (fMRI and MEG/EEG). The resulting estimated low-dimensional dynamic RSFCs manifold directly links to the frequency content of brain signals. Hence we can evaluate TVDN performance by examining whether learnt features can reconstruct observed brain signals. We conduct comprehensive simulations to evaluate TVDN under hypothetical settings. We then demonstrate the application of TVDN with real fMRI and MEG data, and compare the results with existing benchmarks. Results demonstrate that TVDN is able to correctly capture the dynamics of brain activity and more robustly detect brain state switching both in resting state fMRI and MEG data.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • ↵✉ email: Fei.Jiang{at}ucsf.edu; ashish.raj{at}ucsf.edu; Srikantan.Nagarajan{at}ucsf.edu

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted April 02, 2021.
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Time-varying Dynamic Network Model For Dynamic Resting State Functional Connectivity in fMRI and MEG imaging
Fei Jiang, Huaqing Jin, Yijing Gao, Xihe Xie, Jennifer Cummings, Ashish Raj, Srikantan Nagarajan
bioRxiv 2021.04.01.438060; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.01.438060
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Time-varying Dynamic Network Model For Dynamic Resting State Functional Connectivity in fMRI and MEG imaging
Fei Jiang, Huaqing Jin, Yijing Gao, Xihe Xie, Jennifer Cummings, Ashish Raj, Srikantan Nagarajan
bioRxiv 2021.04.01.438060; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.01.438060

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