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RhizoVision Explorer: Open-source software for root image analysis and measurement standardization

View ORCID ProfileAnand Seethepalli, View ORCID ProfileKundan Dhakal, View ORCID ProfileMarcus Griffiths, View ORCID ProfileHaichao Guo, View ORCID ProfileGregoire T. Freschet, View ORCID ProfileLarry M. York
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.11.439359
Anand Seethepalli
1Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
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Kundan Dhakal
1Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
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Marcus Griffiths
1Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
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Haichao Guo
1Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
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Gregoire T. Freschet
2Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France
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Larry M. York
1Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
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  • For correspondence: lmyork@noble.org
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Abstract

Roots are central to the function of natural and agricultural ecosystems by driving plant acquisition of soil resources and influencing the carbon cycle. Root characteristics like length, diameter, and volume are critical to measure to understand plant and soil functions. RhizoVision Explorer is an open-source software designed to enable researchers interested in roots by providing an easy-to-use interface, fast image processing, and reliable measurements. The default broken roots mode is intended for roots sampled from pots or soil cores, washed, and typically scanned on a flatbed scanner, and provides measurements like length, diameter, and volume. The optional whole root mode for complete root systems or root crowns provides additional measurements such as angles, root depth, and convex hull. Both modes support providing measurements grouped by defined diameter ranges, the inclusion of multiple regions of interest, and batch analysis. RhizoVision Explorer was successfully validated against ground truth data using a novel copper wire image set. In comparison, the current reference software, the commercial WinRhizo™, drastically underestimated volume when wires of different diameters were in the same image. Additionally, measurements were compared with WinRhizo™ and IJ_Rhizo using a simulated root image set, showing general agreement in software measurements, except for root volume. Finally, scanned root image sets acquired in different labs for the crop, herbaceous, and tree species were used to compare results from RhizoVision Explorer with WinRhizo™. The two software showed general agreement, except that WinRhizo™ substantially underestimated root volume relative to RhizoVision Explorer. In the current context of rapidly growing interest in root science, RhizoVision Explorer intends to become a reference software, improve the overall accuracy and replicability of root trait measurements, and provide a foundation for collaborative improvement and reliable access to all.

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Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3747697

  • http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677546

  • http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677751

  • http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4677553

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted April 11, 2021.
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RhizoVision Explorer: Open-source software for root image analysis and measurement standardization
Anand Seethepalli, Kundan Dhakal, Marcus Griffiths, Haichao Guo, Gregoire T. Freschet, Larry M. York
bioRxiv 2021.04.11.439359; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.11.439359
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RhizoVision Explorer: Open-source software for root image analysis and measurement standardization
Anand Seethepalli, Kundan Dhakal, Marcus Griffiths, Haichao Guo, Gregoire T. Freschet, Larry M. York
bioRxiv 2021.04.11.439359; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.11.439359

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