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Strengthened mutualistic adaptation between teosinte and its rhizosphere biota in cold climates

View ORCID ProfileAnna M. O’Brien, Ruairidh J.H. Sawers, View ORCID ProfileJaime Gasca-Pineda, View ORCID ProfileIvan Baxter, Luis E. Eguiarte, Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra, Sharon Y. Strauss
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.440703
Anna M. O’Brien
1Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
2Dept. of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
3Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, 95616
4Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3B2
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  • For correspondence: anna.obrien@utoronto.ca
Ruairidh J.H. Sawers
5Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato, 36821, Guanajuato, México
6Department of Plant Science, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA
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Jaime Gasca-Pineda
7Laboratorio de Evolución Molecular y Experimental, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP, 70275 Coyoaćan 04510 Ciudad de México, México
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Ivan Baxter
8Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N. Warson Road, St. Louis, MO 63132
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  • ORCID record for Ivan Baxter
Luis E. Eguiarte
7Laboratorio de Evolución Molecular y Experimental, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP, 70275 Coyoaćan 04510 Ciudad de México, México
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Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra
1Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
2Dept. of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
3Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, 95616
9Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Sharon Y. Strauss
1Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
2Dept. of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Summary

  • While abiotic environments consistently shape local adaptation, the strength of local adaptation to biotic interactions may vary more. One theory, COCO (CO-evolutionary Outcomes across Conditionality), predicts it may be strongest where species experience greater stress, because stress increases fitness impacts of species interactions. For example, in plant interactions with rhizosphere biota, positive outcomes increase with stress from low soil fertility, drought and cold.

  • To investigate the influence of abiotic stress gradients on adaptation between plants and rhizosphere biota, we used a greenhouse common garden experiment recombining teosinte, Zea mays ssp. mexicana (wild relative of maize), and rhizosphere biota, collected across a stress gradient (elevational variation in temperature, precipitation, and nutrients).

  • We found stronger local adaptation between teosinte and rhizosphere biota from colder, more stressful sites, as expected by COCO. However, biota from less stressful, warmer sites provided greater average benefits across teosinte populations. Links between plant traits and 20-element profiles of plant leaves explained fitness variation, persisted in the field, were influenced by both plants and biota, and largely reflected patterns of local adaptation.

  • In sum, we uncovered greater local adaptation to biotic interactions in colder sites, and that both plants and rhizosphere biota affect the expression of plant phenotypes.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted April 22, 2021.
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Strengthened mutualistic adaptation between teosinte and its rhizosphere biota in cold climates
Anna M. O’Brien, Ruairidh J.H. Sawers, Jaime Gasca-Pineda, Ivan Baxter, Luis E. Eguiarte, Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra, Sharon Y. Strauss
bioRxiv 2021.04.20.440703; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.440703
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Strengthened mutualistic adaptation between teosinte and its rhizosphere biota in cold climates
Anna M. O’Brien, Ruairidh J.H. Sawers, Jaime Gasca-Pineda, Ivan Baxter, Luis E. Eguiarte, Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra, Sharon Y. Strauss
bioRxiv 2021.04.20.440703; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.440703

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