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Object motion kinematics influence both feedforward and feedback motor responses during virtual catching

View ORCID ProfileAna Gómez-Granados, Isaac Kurtzer, View ORCID ProfileTarkeshwar Singh
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.440704
Ana Gómez-Granados
1Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA-30605
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Isaac Kurtzer
2Department of Biomedical Science, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, New York, NY-11568
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Tarkeshwar Singh
3Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA-16802
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  • For correspondence: tsingh@psu.edu
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Abstract

An important window into sensorimotor function is how we catch moving objects. Studies that examined catching of free-falling objects report that the timing of the motor response is independent of the momentum of the projectile, whereas the motor response amplitude scales with projectile momentum. However, this pattern may not be a general strategy of catching since objects accelerate under gravity in a characteristic manner (unlike object motion in the horizontal plane) and the human visual motion-processing system is not adept at encoding acceleration. Accordingly, we developed a new experimental paradigm using a robotic manipulandum and augmented reality where participants stabilized against the impact of a virtual object moving at constant velocity in the horizontal plane. Participants needed to apply an impulse that mirrored the object momentum to bring it to rest and received explicit feedback on their performance. In different blocks, object momentum was varied by an increase in its speed or mass. In contrast to previous reports on free falling objects, we observed that increasing object speed caused earlier onset of arm muscle activity and limb force relative to the impending time to contact. Also, arm force increased as a function of target momentum linked to changes in speed or mass. Our results demonstrate velocity-dependent timing to catch objects and a complex pattern of scaling to momentum.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • Funding: AGG received partial support from the Universidad de Costa Rica. A portion of this work was supported by a grant from the University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. to TS.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted April 22, 2021.
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Object motion kinematics influence both feedforward and feedback motor responses during virtual catching
Ana Gómez-Granados, Isaac Kurtzer, Tarkeshwar Singh
bioRxiv 2021.04.20.440704; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.440704
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Object motion kinematics influence both feedforward and feedback motor responses during virtual catching
Ana Gómez-Granados, Isaac Kurtzer, Tarkeshwar Singh
bioRxiv 2021.04.20.440704; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.20.440704

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