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The oldest peracarid crustacean reveals a Late Devonian freshwater colonisation by isopod relatives

View ORCID ProfileN. Robin, View ORCID ProfileP. Gueriau, View ORCID ProfileJ. Luque, D. Jarvis, A.C. Daley, R. Vonk
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.25.441336
N. Robin
1School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, T23 N73K, Ireland
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  • For correspondence: ninonrobin23@gmail.com
P. Gueriau
2Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, Géopolis, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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J. Luque
3Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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D. Jarvis
1School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, T23 N73K, Ireland
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A.C. Daley
2Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, Géopolis, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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R. Vonk
4Naturalis Biodiversity Center, 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
5Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 94240, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract

Peracarida (e.g., woodlice & side-swimmers) are, together with their sister-group Eucarida (e.g. krill & decapods), the most speciose group of modern crustaceans, suggested to have appeared as early as the Ordovician. While eucarids incursion onto land consists of mainly freshwater and littoral grounds, some peracarids have evolved fully terrestrial ground-crawling ecologies, inhabiting even our gardens in temperate regions (e.g. pillbugs and sowbugs). Their fossil record extends back to the Carboniferous and consists mainly of marine occurrences. Here, we provide a complete re-analysis of a fossil arthropod – Oxyuropoda – reported in 1908 from the Late Devonian floodplains of Ireland, and left with unresolved systematic affinities despite a century of attempts at identification. Known from a single specimen preserved in two-dimensions, we analysed its anatomy using digital microscopy and multispectral macro-imaging to enhance contrast of morphological structures. The new anatomical characters and completeness of Oxyuropoda, together with a phylogenetic analysis with representatives of all major Eumalacostraca groups, indicate that Oxyuropoda is a crown-peracarid, part of a clade including amphipods and isopods. As such, Oxyuropoda is the oldest known Peracarida, and provides evidence that derived peracarids had an incursion into freshwater and terrestrial environments as early as the Famennian, more than 360 million years ago.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted April 27, 2021.
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The oldest peracarid crustacean reveals a Late Devonian freshwater colonisation by isopod relatives
N. Robin, P. Gueriau, J. Luque, D. Jarvis, A.C. Daley, R. Vonk
bioRxiv 2021.04.25.441336; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.25.441336
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The oldest peracarid crustacean reveals a Late Devonian freshwater colonisation by isopod relatives
N. Robin, P. Gueriau, J. Luque, D. Jarvis, A.C. Daley, R. Vonk
bioRxiv 2021.04.25.441336; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.25.441336

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