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Adaptive foraging behaviour increases vulnerability to climate change

Benoit Gauzens, View ORCID ProfileBenjamin Rosenbaum, Gregor Kalinkat, Thomas Boy, Malte Jochum, Susanne Kortsch, Eoin J. O’Gorman, Ulrich Brose
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.05.442768
Benoit Gauzens
1EcoNetLab, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
2Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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  • For correspondence: benoit.gauzens@idiv.de
Benjamin Rosenbaum
1EcoNetLab, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
2Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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Gregor Kalinkat
3Department of Ecohydrology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
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Thomas Boy
1EcoNetLab, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
2Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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Malte Jochum
4Experimental Interaction Ecology, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
5Leipzig University, Institute of Biology, Leipzig, Germany
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Susanne Kortsch
6Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Eoin J. O’Gorman
7School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
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Ulrich Brose
1EcoNetLab, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
2Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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Abstract

Adaptative foraging behaviour should promote species coexistence and biodiversity under climate change as consumers are expected to maximise their energy intake, according to principles of optimal foraging theory. We test these assumptions using a unique dataset comprising (1) 22,185 stomach contents of fish species across functional groups and feeding strategies and (2) prey availability in the environment over 12 years. We explore how foraging behavior responds to variance in ecosystem productivity and temperature. Our results show that foraging shifts from trait-dependent prey selectivity to simple density dependence in warmer and more productive environments. Contrary to classical assumptions, we show that this behavioural change leads to lower consumption efficiency as species shift away from their optimal trophic niche. Dynamic food-web modeling demonstrates that this behavioral response to warming could undermine species persistence and biodiversity. By integrating empirical adaptive foraging behavior into dynamic models, our study reveals higher risk profiles for ecosystems under global warming.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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Posted July 07, 2021.
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Adaptive foraging behaviour increases vulnerability to climate change
Benoit Gauzens, Benjamin Rosenbaum, Gregor Kalinkat, Thomas Boy, Malte Jochum, Susanne Kortsch, Eoin J. O’Gorman, Ulrich Brose
bioRxiv 2021.05.05.442768; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.05.442768
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Adaptive foraging behaviour increases vulnerability to climate change
Benoit Gauzens, Benjamin Rosenbaum, Gregor Kalinkat, Thomas Boy, Malte Jochum, Susanne Kortsch, Eoin J. O’Gorman, Ulrich Brose
bioRxiv 2021.05.05.442768; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.05.442768

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