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Short-interval fires and vegetation change in southern California

View ORCID ProfileStephanie M. Lucero, View ORCID ProfileNathan C. Emery, View ORCID ProfileCarla M. D’Antonio
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.08.443193
Stephanie M. Lucero
1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
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  • For correspondence: sama@ucsb.edu
Nathan C. Emery
2Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Carla M. D’Antonio
1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
3Environmental Studies Program, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
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Abstract

Questions In southern California, shortened fire return intervals may contribute to a decrease in native chaparral shrub presence and an increase in non-native annual grass presence. To test the hypothesis that short-fire return intervals promote a loss in shrub cover, we examined the contribution of single short-interval fires and abiotic conditions on the change of shrub cover within Ventura and Los Angeles counties. Through evaluating pre- and post-fire historical aerial images, we answered the following questions, 1) How has vegetation type cover changed after repeat fires? and 2) What landscape variables contribute the most to the observed change?

Location Ventura County and Los Angeles County, California, USA.

Methods We assessed the impact of a single short-interval fire by comparing vegetation recovery in adjacent once- and twice-burned fire burn polygons (long- and short-interval respectively). Pixel plots were examined within each polygon and vegetation cover was classified to vegetation type. We determined the best predictor of vegetation type cover with a linear mixed effects model comparison using Akaike Information Criterion.

Results Pre-fire and post-fire community type cover was highly correlated. Burn interval was the best predictor of tree cover change (lower cover in twice-burned pixel plots). Aspect was the best predictor of sage scrub cover change (greater cover on north-facing aspects). Years since fire was the best predictor of chaparral cover change (positive correlation) and sage scrub cover change (negative correlation). Conversion of chaparral to sage scrub cover was more likely to occur than conversion of chaparral to annual grass cover.

Conclusions Our study did not find extensive evidence of a decrease in chaparral shrub cover due to a single short-interval fire. Instead, post-fire cover was highly correlated with pre-fire cover. Chaparral recovery, however, was dynamic suggesting that stand recovery may be strongly influenced by local scale conditions and processes.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • Funding The California Energy Commission (500-10-045, CMD) and the University of California, Santa Barbara provided funding.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted May 10, 2021.
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Short-interval fires and vegetation change in southern California
Stephanie M. Lucero, Nathan C. Emery, Carla M. D’Antonio
bioRxiv 2021.05.08.443193; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.08.443193
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Short-interval fires and vegetation change in southern California
Stephanie M. Lucero, Nathan C. Emery, Carla M. D’Antonio
bioRxiv 2021.05.08.443193; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.08.443193

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