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Uncovering long-term existence of a silent short-term memory trace

View ORCID ProfileMaha E. Wally, View ORCID ProfileMasanori Nomoto, View ORCID ProfileKareem Abdou, View ORCID ProfileKaoru Inokuchi
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.08.443276
Maha E. Wally
1Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
2Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
3CREST, JST, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
4Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo 11837, Egypt
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Masanori Nomoto
1Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
2Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
3CREST, JST, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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Kareem Abdou
1Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
2Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
3CREST, JST, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
5Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Kaoru Inokuchi
1Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
2Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
3CREST, JST, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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  • For correspondence: inokuchi@med.u-toyama.ac.jp
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Abstract

Active recall of short-term memory (STM) is known to last for a few hours, but whether STM has long-term functions is unknown. Here we show that, STM can be optogenetically retrieved at a time point during which natural recall is not possible, uncovering the long-term existence of a silent STM engram. Moreover, re-training within 3 days led to natural long-term recall, indicating facilitated consolidation. Calcium imaging revealed hippocampal CA1 reactivations of the STM trace during post-learning sleep. Inhibiting offline CA1 activity, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity, or protein synthesis after first exposure to the STM-forming event impaired the future re-exposure-facilitated consolidation, which highlights a role of protein synthesis and sleep in storing a silent STM trace. These results provide evidence that STM is not completely lost within hours and demonstrates a possible two-step STM consolidation, first storage as a silent engram, then transformation into an active state by recurrence within 3 days.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted May 10, 2021.
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Uncovering long-term existence of a silent short-term memory trace
Maha E. Wally, Masanori Nomoto, Kareem Abdou, Kaoru Inokuchi
bioRxiv 2021.05.08.443276; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.08.443276
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Uncovering long-term existence of a silent short-term memory trace
Maha E. Wally, Masanori Nomoto, Kareem Abdou, Kaoru Inokuchi
bioRxiv 2021.05.08.443276; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.08.443276

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