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Infection and vaccine-induced neutralizing antibody responses to the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.1 variant

View ORCID ProfileVenkata-Viswanadh Edara, Lilin Lai, View ORCID ProfileMalaya K. Sahoo, Katharine Floyd, Mamdouh Sibai, Daniel Solis, Maria W. Flowers, Laila Hussaini, Caroline Rose Ciric, Sarah Bechnack, Kathy Stephens, Elham Bayat Mokhtari, Prakriti Mudvari, Adrian Creanga, Amarendra Pegu, Alexandrine Derrien-Colemyn, Amy R. Henry, Matthew Gagne, View ORCID ProfileBarney S. Graham, Jens Wrammert, Daniel C. Douek, Eli Boritz, View ORCID ProfileBenjamin A. Pinsky, View ORCID ProfileMehul S. Suthar
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.09.443299
Venkata-Viswanadh Edara
1Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, GA
Ph.D.
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Lilin Lai
1Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, GA
M.D.
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Malaya K. Sahoo
2Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
Ph.D.
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Katharine Floyd
1Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, GA
B.S.
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Mamdouh Sibai
2Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
B.S.
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Daniel Solis
2Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
B.S.
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Maria W. Flowers
1Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, GA
B.S.
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Laila Hussaini
1Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, GA
M.PH.
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Caroline Rose Ciric
1Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, GA
B.S.
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Sarah Bechnack
1Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, GA
R.N.
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Kathy Stephens
1Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, GA
R.N., MSN
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Elham Bayat Mokhtari
3Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Ph.D.
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Prakriti Mudvari
3Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Ph.D.
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Adrian Creanga
3Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Ph.D.
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Amarendra Pegu
3Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Ph.D.
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Alexandrine Derrien-Colemyn
3Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Ph.D.
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Amy R. Henry
3Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
M.S.
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Matthew Gagne
3Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Ph.D.
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Barney S. Graham
3Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
M.D.
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Jens Wrammert
1Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, GA
Ph.D.
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Daniel C. Douek
3Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
M.D., Ph.D.
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Eli Boritz
3Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
M.D., Ph.D.
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Benjamin A. Pinsky
2Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
MD, Ph.D.
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Mehul S. Suthar
1Emory University School of Medicine, Decatur, GA
Ph.D.
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  • ORCID record for Mehul S. Suthar
  • For correspondence: msuthar@emory.edu
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Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 has caused a devastating global pandemic. The recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants that are less sensitive to neutralization by convalescent sera or vaccine-induced neutralizing antibody responses has raised concerns. A second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infections in India is leading to the expansion of SARS-CoV-2 variants. The B.1.617.1 variant has rapidly spread throughout India and to several countries throughout the world. In this study, using a live virus assay, we describe the neutralizing antibody response to the B.1.617.1 variant in serum from infected and vaccinated individuals. We found that the B.1.617.1 variant is 6.8-fold more resistant to neutralization by sera from COVID-19 convalescent and Moderna and Pfizer vaccinated individuals. Despite this, a majority of the sera from convalescent individuals and all sera from vaccinated individuals were still able to neutralize the B.1.617.1 variant. This suggests that protective immunity by the mRNA vaccines tested here are likely retained against the B.1.617.1 variant. As the B.1.617.1 variant continues to evolve, it will be important to monitor how additional mutations within the spike impact antibody resistance, viral transmission and vaccine efficacy.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted May 10, 2021.
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Infection and vaccine-induced neutralizing antibody responses to the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.1 variant
Venkata-Viswanadh Edara, Lilin Lai, Malaya K. Sahoo, Katharine Floyd, Mamdouh Sibai, Daniel Solis, Maria W. Flowers, Laila Hussaini, Caroline Rose Ciric, Sarah Bechnack, Kathy Stephens, Elham Bayat Mokhtari, Prakriti Mudvari, Adrian Creanga, Amarendra Pegu, Alexandrine Derrien-Colemyn, Amy R. Henry, Matthew Gagne, Barney S. Graham, Jens Wrammert, Daniel C. Douek, Eli Boritz, Benjamin A. Pinsky, Mehul S. Suthar
bioRxiv 2021.05.09.443299; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.09.443299
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Infection and vaccine-induced neutralizing antibody responses to the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.1 variant
Venkata-Viswanadh Edara, Lilin Lai, Malaya K. Sahoo, Katharine Floyd, Mamdouh Sibai, Daniel Solis, Maria W. Flowers, Laila Hussaini, Caroline Rose Ciric, Sarah Bechnack, Kathy Stephens, Elham Bayat Mokhtari, Prakriti Mudvari, Adrian Creanga, Amarendra Pegu, Alexandrine Derrien-Colemyn, Amy R. Henry, Matthew Gagne, Barney S. Graham, Jens Wrammert, Daniel C. Douek, Eli Boritz, Benjamin A. Pinsky, Mehul S. Suthar
bioRxiv 2021.05.09.443299; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.09.443299

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