Abstract
High-throughput experimental methods in neuroscience have led to an explosion of techniques for measuring complex interactions and multi-dimensional patterns. However, whether sophisticated measures of emergent phenomena can be traced back to simpler low-dimensional statistics is largely unknown. To explore this question, we examine resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) data using complex topology measures from network neuroscience. We show that spatial and temporal autocorrelation are reliable statistics which explain numerous measures of network topology. Surrogate timeseries with subject-matched spatial and temporal autocorrelation capture nearly all reliable individual and regional variation in these topology measures. Network topology changes during aging are driven by spatial autocorrelation, and multiple serotonergic drugs causally induce the same topographic change in temporal autocorrelation. This reductionistic interpretation of widely-used complexity measures may help link them to neurobiology.
Competing Interest Statement
KHP is currently an employee of Hoffmann-La Roche. JHK has consulting agreements (less than US\$5,000 per year) with the following: Aptinyx, Inc.; Atai Life Sciences; AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals; Biogen, Idec, MA; Biomedisyn Corporation; Bionomics, Limited (Australia); Boehringer Ingelheim International; Cadent Therapeutics, Inc.; Clexio Bioscience, Ltd.; COMPASS Pathways, Limited, United Kingdom; Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Epiodyne, Inc.; EpiVario, Inc.; Greenwich Biosciences, Inc.; Heptares Therapeutics, Limited (UK); Janssen Research \& Development; Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc.; Perception Neuroscience Holdings, Inc.; Spring Care, Inc.; Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Takeda Industries; Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. JHK serves on the scientific advisory boards of Biohaven Pharmaceuticals; BioXcel Therapeutics, Inc. (Clinical Advisory Board); Cadent Therapeutics, Inc. (Clinical Advisory Board); Cerevel Therapeutics, LLC; EpiVario, Inc.; Eisai, Inc.; Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Lohocla Research Corporation; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; PsychoGenics, Inc.; Neumora Therapeutics, Inc.; Tempero Bio, Inc.; Terran Biosciences, Inc. JHK is on the board of directors of Freedom Biosciences, Inc. JHK has stock and/or stock options in Biohaven Pharmaceuticals; Sage Pharmaceuticals; Spring Care, Inc.; Biohaven Pharmaceuticals Medical Sciences; EpiVario, Inc.; Neumora Therapeutics, Inc.; Terran Biosciences, Inc.; Tempero Bio, Inc. JHK is editor of Biological Psychiatry with income greater than \$10,000. DL is a co-founder of Neurogazer Inc. AA and JDM are co-founders of Manifest Technologies, serve on the technical advisory board of Neumora Therapeutics, and are consultants for Gilgamesh Pharmaceuticals. ETB serves on the scientific advisory board of Sosei Heptares and as a consultant for GlaxoSmithKline.
