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Longitudinal Developmental Trajectories Do Not Follow Cross-Sectional Age Associations in Hippocampal Subfield and Memory Development

View ORCID ProfileAttila Keresztes, View ORCID ProfileLaurel Raffington, View ORCID ProfileAndrew R. Bender, Katharina Bögl, View ORCID ProfileChristine Heim, View ORCID ProfileYee Lee Shing
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.14.448300
Attila Keresztes
aResearch Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Budapest, Hungary
bFaculty of Education and Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
cCenter for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
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  • For correspondence: keresztes.attila.akk@ttk.hu
Laurel Raffington
dDepartment of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA
cCenter for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
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Andrew R. Bender
eDepartments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics & Neurology and Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA
cCenter for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
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Katharina Bögl
fFaculty of Life Sciences, Berlin School of Mind and Brain and Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Christine Heim
gCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Insitute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
hDepartment of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Yee Lee Shing
iDepartment of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Abstract

Many cross-sectional findings suggest that volumes of specific hippocampal subfields increase in middle childhood and early adolescence. In contrast, a small number of available longitudinal studies observed decreased volumes in most subfields over this age range. Further, it remains unknown whether structural changes in development are associated with corresponding gains in children’s memory. Here we report cross-sectional age differences in children’s hippocampal subfield volumes together with longitudinal developmental trajectories and their relationships with memory performance. In two waves, 109 healthy participants aged 6 to 10 years (wave 1: MAge=7.25, wave 2: MAge=9.27) underwent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging to assess hippocampal subfield volumes, and completed cognitive tasks assessing hippocampus dependent memory processes. We found that cross-sectional age-associations and longitudinal developmental trends in hippocampal subfield volumes were highly discrepant, both by subfields and in direction. Further, volumetric changes were largely unrelated to changes in memory, with the exception that increase in subiculum volume was associated with gains in spatial memory. Importantly, the observed longitudinal patterns of brain-cognition coupling could not be inferred from cross-sectional findings. We discuss potential sources of these discrepancies. This study underscores that children’s structural brain development and its relationship to cognition cannot be inferred from cross-sectional age comparisons.

Highlights

  • The subiculum undergoes volumetric increase between 6-10 years of age

  • Change across two years in CA1-2 and DG-CA3 was not observed in this age window

  • Change across two years did not reflect age differences spanning two years

  • Cross-sectional and longitudinal slopes in stark contrast for hippocampal subfields

  • Longitudinal brain-cognition coupling cannot be inferred from cross-sectional data

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted June 15, 2021.
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Longitudinal Developmental Trajectories Do Not Follow Cross-Sectional Age Associations in Hippocampal Subfield and Memory Development
Attila Keresztes, Laurel Raffington, Andrew R. Bender, Katharina Bögl, Christine Heim, Yee Lee Shing
bioRxiv 2021.06.14.448300; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.14.448300
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Longitudinal Developmental Trajectories Do Not Follow Cross-Sectional Age Associations in Hippocampal Subfield and Memory Development
Attila Keresztes, Laurel Raffington, Andrew R. Bender, Katharina Bögl, Christine Heim, Yee Lee Shing
bioRxiv 2021.06.14.448300; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.14.448300

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