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The interplay between host biogeography and phylogeny in structuring diversification of the feather louse genus Penenirmus

Kevin P. Johnson, Jason D. Weckstein, Stephany Virrueta Herrera, View ORCID ProfileJorge Doña
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.21.449287
Kevin P. Johnson
1Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois, USA
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Jason D. Weckstein
2Department of Ornithology, Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University and Department of Biodiversity, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Stephany Virrueta Herrera
1Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois, USA
3Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Jorge Doña
1Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois, USA
4Departamento de Biología Animal, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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  • ORCID record for Jorge Doña
  • For correspondence: jorge.upupa@gmail.com
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ABSTRACT

Parasite diversification is influenced by many of the same factors that affect speciation of free-living organisms, such as biogeographic barriers. However, the ecology and evolution of the host lineage also has a major impact on parasite speciation. Here we explore the interplay between biogeography and host-association on the pattern of diversification in a group of ectoparasitic lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Penenirmus) that feeds on the feathers of woodpeckers, barbets, and honeyguides (Piciformes) and some songbirds (Passeriformes). We use whole genome sequencing of 41 ingroup and 12 outgroup samples to develop a phylogenomic dataset of DNA sequences from a reference set of 2,395 single copy ortholog genes, for a total of nearly four million aligned base positions. The phylogenetic trees resulting from both concatenated and gene-tree/species-tree coalescent analyses were nearly identical and highly supported. These trees recovered the genus Penenirmus as monophyletic and identified several major clades, which tended to be associated with one major host group. However, cophylogenetic analysis revealed that host-switching was a prominent process in the diversification of this group. This host-switching generally occurred within single major biogeographic regions. We did, however, find one case in which it appears that a rare dispersal event by a woodpecker lineage from North America to Africa allowed its associated louse to colonize a woodpecker in Africa, even though the woodpecker lineage from North America never became established there.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • https://figshare.com/s/8b62bc40888513051117

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted June 22, 2021.
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The interplay between host biogeography and phylogeny in structuring diversification of the feather louse genus Penenirmus
Kevin P. Johnson, Jason D. Weckstein, Stephany Virrueta Herrera, Jorge Doña
bioRxiv 2021.06.21.449287; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.21.449287
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The interplay between host biogeography and phylogeny in structuring diversification of the feather louse genus Penenirmus
Kevin P. Johnson, Jason D. Weckstein, Stephany Virrueta Herrera, Jorge Doña
bioRxiv 2021.06.21.449287; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.21.449287

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