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Independent host- and bacterium-based determinants protect a model symbiosis from phage predation

Jonathan B. Lynch, Brittany D. Bennett, Bryan D. Merrill, Edward G. Ruby, Andrew J. Hryckowian
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.09.451802
Jonathan B. Lynch
1Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
2Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Brittany D. Bennett
1Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
3Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Bryan D. Merrill
4Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Edward G. Ruby
1Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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Andrew J. Hryckowian
5Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
6Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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  • For correspondence: hryckowian@medicine.wisc.edu
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Summary/Abstract

Bacteriophages (phages) are diverse and abundant constituents of microbial communities worldwide, and are capable of modulating bacterial populations in diverse ways. Here we describe a novel phage, ϕHNL01, which infects the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri. We use culture-based approaches to demonstrate that mutations in the exopolysaccharide locus of V. fischeri render this bacterium resistant to infection by ϕHNL01, highlighting the extracellular matrix as a key determinant of phage tropism in this interaction. Additionally, using the natural symbiosis between V. fischeri and the squid Euprymna scolopes, we show that during colonization, V. fischeri is protected from phage present in the ambient seawater. Taken together, these findings shed light on independent yet synergistic host- and bacterium-based strategies for resisting symbiosis-disrupting phage predation, and present important implications for understanding these strategies in the context of host-associated microbial ecosystems.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1TC00B6J8duD9oMcYAV3yP8HB649do7-E?usp=sharing

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted July 10, 2021.
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Independent host- and bacterium-based determinants protect a model symbiosis from phage predation
Jonathan B. Lynch, Brittany D. Bennett, Bryan D. Merrill, Edward G. Ruby, Andrew J. Hryckowian
bioRxiv 2021.07.09.451802; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.09.451802
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Independent host- and bacterium-based determinants protect a model symbiosis from phage predation
Jonathan B. Lynch, Brittany D. Bennett, Bryan D. Merrill, Edward G. Ruby, Andrew J. Hryckowian
bioRxiv 2021.07.09.451802; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.09.451802

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