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Nematode Small RNA Pathways in the Absence of piRNAs

Maxim Zagoskin, View ORCID ProfileJianbin Wang, Ashley T. Neff, Giovana M. B. Veronezi, View ORCID ProfileRichard E. Davis
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.23.453445
Maxim Zagoskin
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
2RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
3Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
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Jianbin Wang
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
2RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
3Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
4UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
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  • For correspondence: richard.davis@cuanschutz.edu jianbin.wang@utk.edu
Ashley T. Neff
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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Giovana M. B. Veronezi
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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Richard E. Davis
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
2RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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  • For correspondence: richard.davis@cuanschutz.edu jianbin.wang@utk.edu
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Abstract

Small RNA pathways play diverse regulatory roles in the nematode C. elegans. However, our understanding of small RNA pathways, their conservation, and their roles in other nematodes is limited. Here, we analyzed small RNA pathways in the parasitic nematode Ascaris. Ascaris has ten Argonautes with five worm-specific Argonautes (WAGOs) that are associated with secondary 5’-triphosphate small RNAs (22-24G-RNAs). These Ascaris WAGOs and their small RNAs target repetitive sequences (WAGO-1, WAGO-2, WAGO-3, and NRDE-3) or mature mRNAs (CSR-1, NRDE-3, and WAGO-3) and are similar to the C. elegans mutator, nuclear, and CSR-1 small RNA pathways. Ascaris CSR-1 likely functions to “license” gene expression in the absence of an Ascaris piRNA pathway. Ascaris ALG-4 and its associated 26G-RNAs target and appear to repress specific mRNAs during meiosis in the testes. Notably, Ascaris WAGOs (WAGO-3 and NRDE-3) small RNAs change their targets between repetitive sequences and mRNAs during spermatogenesis or in early embryos illustrating target plasticity of these WAGOs. We provide a unique and comprehensive view of mRNA and small RNA expression throughout nematode spermatogenesis that illustrates the dynamics and flexibility of small RNA pathways. Overall, our study provides key insights into the conservation and divergence of nematode small RNA pathways.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted July 23, 2021.
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Nematode Small RNA Pathways in the Absence of piRNAs
Maxim Zagoskin, Jianbin Wang, Ashley T. Neff, Giovana M. B. Veronezi, Richard E. Davis
bioRxiv 2021.07.23.453445; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.23.453445
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Nematode Small RNA Pathways in the Absence of piRNAs
Maxim Zagoskin, Jianbin Wang, Ashley T. Neff, Giovana M. B. Veronezi, Richard E. Davis
bioRxiv 2021.07.23.453445; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.07.23.453445

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