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The transmission of African Animal Trypanosomiasis (Nagana) in two districts in the forest zone of Ghana

Austine Tweneboah, View ORCID ProfileJana Rosenau, Addo Kofi Agyapong, Thomas Kwame Addison, Mahamat Alhadj Moussa Ibrahim, View ORCID ProfileJudith Sophie Weber, View ORCID ProfileSoerge Kelm, View ORCID ProfileKingsley Badu
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.11.455898
Austine Tweneboah
1Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana
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Jana Rosenau
2Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Addo Kofi Agyapong
1Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana
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Thomas Kwame Addison
1Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana
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Mahamat Alhadj Moussa Ibrahim
3Department of Biology, University of N’Djamena, N’Djamena, Chad
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Judith Sophie Weber
2Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Soerge Kelm
2Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Kingsley Badu
1Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana
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  • For correspondence: kingsbadu@gmail.com
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Abstract

The African Animal Trypanosomiasis (nagana) is caused by several species of trypanosome species which results in significant clinical diseases. This consequently leads to huge economic losses. We carried out a cross-sectional survey to investigate the composition of vectors, parasite diversity and intensities in two districts in the Eastern region of Ghana. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) dependent PCR assays identified tsetse fly species and trypanosome parasites circulating in the area. A total of 229 tsetse flies, 65 pigs and 20 were sampled. Female and male flies 155 (51.8%), 74 (32.3%) respectively were collected with biconical traps. The overall vector density of 4.3 flies/trap/day was observed. Typanosome prevalence of 58.9% (95% CI: 52.5–65.1), 46.2% (95% CI: 34.6–58.1) and 0.0% (95% CI: 0.0–16.1) in tsetse flies, pigs and cattle respectively were detected. Trypanosoma congolense was the predominant species with a prevalence of 80.7% (95% CI: 73.3–86.5) in flies and 60.0% (95% CI: 42.3–75.4). There was evidence of multiple trypanosome infection with T. congolense/T. simiae occurring highest with prevalence of 38.0% (95% CI: 30.7–46.9). The parasite prevalence in pigs across the communities was high with significant differences associated between locations (Chi2 = 28.06, 95% CI: 0.05–0.81, P=0.0009). Blood meal with flies revealed feeding on both domestic Sus scrofa domesticus (pig) and Phacochoerus africanus (warthog). Tsetse flies in this area remain highly infected with trypanosomes and continue to transmit the parasites to livestock and human populations in the communities.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • Basically, grammatical errors, typographical error were corrected comments from co authors were also addressed

  • https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/IELHN5

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Posted December 30, 2021.
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The transmission of African Animal Trypanosomiasis (Nagana) in two districts in the forest zone of Ghana
Austine Tweneboah, Jana Rosenau, Addo Kofi Agyapong, Thomas Kwame Addison, Mahamat Alhadj Moussa Ibrahim, Judith Sophie Weber, Soerge Kelm, Kingsley Badu
bioRxiv 2021.08.11.455898; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.11.455898
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The transmission of African Animal Trypanosomiasis (Nagana) in two districts in the forest zone of Ghana
Austine Tweneboah, Jana Rosenau, Addo Kofi Agyapong, Thomas Kwame Addison, Mahamat Alhadj Moussa Ibrahim, Judith Sophie Weber, Soerge Kelm, Kingsley Badu
bioRxiv 2021.08.11.455898; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.11.455898

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