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High-altitude adaptation and incipient speciation in geladas

View ORCID ProfileKenneth L. Chiou, View ORCID ProfileMareike C. Janiak, View ORCID ProfileIndia Schneider-Crease, View ORCID ProfileSharmi Sen, Ferehiwot Ayele, Idrissa S. Chuma, View ORCID ProfileSascha Knauf, View ORCID ProfileAlemayehu Lemma, View ORCID ProfileAnthony V. Signore, Anthony M. D’Ippolito, Belayneh Abebe, Abebaw Azanaw Haile, Fanuel Kebede, View ORCID ProfilePeter J. Fashing, Nga Nguyen, Colleen McCann, Marlys L. Houck, View ORCID ProfileJeffrey D. Wall, Andrew S. Burrell, View ORCID ProfileChristina M. Bergey, View ORCID ProfileJeffrey Rogers, View ORCID ProfileJane E. Phillips-Conroy, Clifford J. Jolly, View ORCID ProfileAmanda D. Melin, View ORCID ProfileJay F. Storz, View ORCID ProfileAmy Lu, View ORCID ProfileJacinta C. Beehner, View ORCID ProfileThore J. Bergman, View ORCID ProfileNoah Snyder-Mackler
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.01.458582
Kenneth L. Chiou
1Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
2School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
3Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
4Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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  • For correspondence: chiou@asu.edu nsnyderm@asu.edu
Mareike C. Janiak
5School of Science, Engineering, & Environment, University of Salford, Salford, UK
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India Schneider-Crease
1Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
2School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
3Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Sharmi Sen
6Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Ferehiwot Ayele
7College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
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Idrissa S. Chuma
8Veterinary Unit, Conservation Science Department, Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA), Arusha, Tanzania
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Sascha Knauf
9Work Group Neglected Tropical Diseases, Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
10Institute for International Animal Health / One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald, Island Riems, Germany
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Alemayehu Lemma
7College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
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Anthony V. Signore
11School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
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Anthony M. D’Ippolito
12University Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
13Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Belayneh Abebe
14African Wildlife Foundation, Debark, Ethiopia
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Abebaw Azanaw Haile
15Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Fanuel Kebede
15Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Peter J. Fashing
16Department of Anthropology and Environmental Studies Program, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
17Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Nga Nguyen
16Department of Anthropology and Environmental Studies Program, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
17Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Colleen McCann
18Department of Mammals, Bronx Zoo, Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, NY, USA
19New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, NY, USA
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Marlys L. Houck
20Beckman Center for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, Escondido, CA, USA
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Jeffrey D. Wall
21Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Andrew S. Burrell
22Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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Christina M. Bergey
23Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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Jeffrey Rogers
24Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Jane E. Phillips-Conroy
25Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
26Department of Anthropology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Clifford J. Jolly
19New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, NY, USA
22Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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Amanda D. Melin
27Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
28Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
29Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Jay F. Storz
11School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
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Amy Lu
30Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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Jacinta C. Beehner
6Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
31Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Thore J. Bergman
31Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
32Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Noah Snyder-Mackler
1Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
2School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
3Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
4Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
33Center for Studies in Demography & Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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  • ORCID record for Noah Snyder-Mackler
  • For correspondence: chiou@asu.edu nsnyderm@asu.edu
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Abstract

Survival at high altitude requires adapting to extreme conditions such as environmental hypoxia. To understand high-altitude adaptations in a primate, we assembled the genome of the gelada (Theropithecus gelada), an endemic Ethiopian monkey, and complemented it with population resequencing, hematological, and morphometric data. Unexpectedly, we identified a novel karyotype that may contribute to reproductive isolation between gelada populations. We also identified genomic elements including protein-coding sequences and gene families that exhibit accelerated changes in geladas and may contribute to high-altitude adaptation. Our findings lend insight into mechanisms of speciation and adaptation while providing promising avenues for functional hypoxia research.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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High-altitude adaptation and incipient speciation in geladas
Kenneth L. Chiou, Mareike C. Janiak, India Schneider-Crease, Sharmi Sen, Ferehiwot Ayele, Idrissa S. Chuma, Sascha Knauf, Alemayehu Lemma, Anthony V. Signore, Anthony M. D’Ippolito, Belayneh Abebe, Abebaw Azanaw Haile, Fanuel Kebede, Peter J. Fashing, Nga Nguyen, Colleen McCann, Marlys L. Houck, Jeffrey D. Wall, Andrew S. Burrell, Christina M. Bergey, Jeffrey Rogers, Jane E. Phillips-Conroy, Clifford J. Jolly, Amanda D. Melin, Jay F. Storz, Amy Lu, Jacinta C. Beehner, Thore J. Bergman, Noah Snyder-Mackler
bioRxiv 2021.09.01.458582; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.01.458582
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High-altitude adaptation and incipient speciation in geladas
Kenneth L. Chiou, Mareike C. Janiak, India Schneider-Crease, Sharmi Sen, Ferehiwot Ayele, Idrissa S. Chuma, Sascha Knauf, Alemayehu Lemma, Anthony V. Signore, Anthony M. D’Ippolito, Belayneh Abebe, Abebaw Azanaw Haile, Fanuel Kebede, Peter J. Fashing, Nga Nguyen, Colleen McCann, Marlys L. Houck, Jeffrey D. Wall, Andrew S. Burrell, Christina M. Bergey, Jeffrey Rogers, Jane E. Phillips-Conroy, Clifford J. Jolly, Amanda D. Melin, Jay F. Storz, Amy Lu, Jacinta C. Beehner, Thore J. Bergman, Noah Snyder-Mackler
bioRxiv 2021.09.01.458582; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.01.458582

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