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Hippocampal astroglial hypertrophy in mice subjected to early life maternal deprivation

View ORCID ProfileArnab Nandi, View ORCID ProfileGarima Virmani, View ORCID ProfileSwananda Marathe
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.05.459015
Arnab Nandi
1Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 560012
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Garima Virmani
1Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 560012
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Swananda Marathe
1Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 560012
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  • For correspondence: swanand@iisc.ac.in
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Abstract

Early-life stress (ELS), including chronic deprivation of maternal care, exerts persistent life-long effects on animal physiology and behavior, and is associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders. Long-lasting changes in neuronal plasticity and electrophysiology are documented extensively in the animal models of ELS. However, the role of astroglia in the lasting effects of ELS remains elusive. Astrocytes are intricately involved in the regulation of synaptic physiology and behavior. Moreover, astrocytes play a major role in the innate and adaptive immune responses in the central nervous system (CNS). The role of immune responses and neuroinflammation in the altered brain development and persistent adverse effects of ELS are beginning to be explored. Innate immune response in the CNS is characterized by a phenomenon called astrogliosis, a process in which astrocytes undergo hypertrophy, along with changes in gene expression and function. While the immune activation and neuroinflammatory changes concomitant with ELS, or in juveniles and young adults have been reported, it is unclear whether mice subjected to ELS exhibit astrogliosis-like alterations well into late-adulthood. Here, we subjected mice to maternal separation from postnatal day 2 to day 22 and performed comprehensive morphometric analysis of hippocampal astrocytes during late-adulthood. We found that the astrocytes in the stratum radiatum region of the CA1 hippocampal subfield from maternally separated mice exhibit significant hypertrophy as late as 8 months of age, revealing the crucial changes in astrocytes that manifest long after the cessation of ELS. This study highlights the persistence of neuroinflammatory changes in mice exposed to ELS.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

  • Abbreviations

    CNS
    Central nervous system
    ELS
    Early-life stress
    GFAP
    Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
    MS
    Maternal separation
    P2
    postnatal day 2
    P22
    postnatal day 22
    PAP
    Perisynaptic astrocytic process
    PB
    Phosphate buffer
    PFA
    Paraformaldehyde.
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    Posted September 06, 2021.
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    Hippocampal astroglial hypertrophy in mice subjected to early life maternal deprivation
    Arnab Nandi, Garima Virmani, Swananda Marathe
    bioRxiv 2021.09.05.459015; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.05.459015
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    Hippocampal astroglial hypertrophy in mice subjected to early life maternal deprivation
    Arnab Nandi, Garima Virmani, Swananda Marathe
    bioRxiv 2021.09.05.459015; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.05.459015

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