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Hippocampal spatio-temporal cognitive maps adaptively guide reward generalization

View ORCID ProfileMona M. Garvert, Tankred Saanum, Eric Schulz, View ORCID ProfileNicolas W. Schuck, View ORCID ProfileChristian F. Doeller
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.22.465012
Mona M. Garvert
1Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
3Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
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  • For correspondence: mona.garvert@gmail.com
Tankred Saanum
2Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
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Eric Schulz
2Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
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Nicolas W. Schuck
3Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
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Christian F. Doeller
1Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
4Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Centre for Neural Computation, The Egil and Pauline Braathen and Fred Kavli Centre for Cortical Microcircuits, Jebsen Centre for Alzheimer’s Disease, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
5Institute of Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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ABSTRACT

The brain forms cognitive maps of relational knowledge, an organizing principle thought to underlie our ability to generalize and make inferences. However, how can a relevant map be selected in situations where a stimulus is embedded in multiple relational structures? Here, we find that both spatial and temporal cognitive maps influence generalization in a choice task, where spatial location determines reward magnitude. Mirroring behavior, the hippocampus not only builds a map of spatial relationships but also encodes temporal distances. As the task progresses, participants’ choices become more influenced by spatial relationships, reflected in a strengthening of the spatial and a weakening of the temporal map. This change is driven by orbitofrontal cortex, which represents the evidence that an observed outcome is generated from the spatial rather than the temporal map and updates hippocampal representations accordingly. Taken together, this demonstrates how hippocampal cognitive maps are used and updated flexibly for inference.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • ↵* garvert{at}cbs.mpg.de

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted October 23, 2021.
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Hippocampal spatio-temporal cognitive maps adaptively guide reward generalization
Mona M. Garvert, Tankred Saanum, Eric Schulz, Nicolas W. Schuck, Christian F. Doeller
bioRxiv 2021.10.22.465012; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.22.465012
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Hippocampal spatio-temporal cognitive maps adaptively guide reward generalization
Mona M. Garvert, Tankred Saanum, Eric Schulz, Nicolas W. Schuck, Christian F. Doeller
bioRxiv 2021.10.22.465012; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.22.465012

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