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Linking extreme seasonality and gene expression in arctic marine protists

View ORCID ProfileMagdalena Wutkowska, View ORCID ProfileAnna Vader, View ORCID ProfileRamiro Logares, View ORCID ProfileEric Pelletier, View ORCID ProfileTove M. Gabrielsen
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.11.467955
Magdalena Wutkowska
1Department of Arctic Biology, The University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway
2Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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  • For correspondence: magda.wutkowska@gmail.com
Anna Vader
1Department of Arctic Biology, The University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway
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Ramiro Logares
3Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM), CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Eric Pelletier
4Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Evry, France
5Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR-2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75016 Paris, France
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Tove M. Gabrielsen
1Department of Arctic Biology, The University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway
6Department of Natural Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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ABSTRACT

At high latitudes, strong seasonal differences in light availability affect marine organisms and restrict the timing of ecosystem processes. Marine protists are key players in Arctic aquatic ecosystems, yet little is known about their ecological roles over yearly cycles. This is especially true for the dark polar night period, which up until recently was assumed to be devoid of biological activity. A 12 million transcripts catalogue was built from 0.45-10 μm protist assemblages sampled over 13 months in a time series station in an arctic fjord in Svalbard. Community gene expression was correlated with seasonality, with light as the main driving factor. Transcript diversity and evenness were higher during polar night compared to polar day. Light-dependent functions had higher relative expression during polar day, except phototransduction. 64% of the most expressed genes could not be functionally annotated, yet up to 78% were identified in arctic samples from Tara Oceans, suggesting that arctic marine assemblages are distinct from those from other oceans. Our study increases understanding of the links between extreme seasonality and biological processes in pico- and nanoplanktonic protists. Our results set the ground for future monitoring studies investigating the seasonal impact of climate change on the communities of microbial eukaryotes in the High Arctic.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted November 12, 2021.
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Linking extreme seasonality and gene expression in arctic marine protists
Magdalena Wutkowska, Anna Vader, Ramiro Logares, Eric Pelletier, Tove M. Gabrielsen
bioRxiv 2021.11.11.467955; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.11.467955
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Linking extreme seasonality and gene expression in arctic marine protists
Magdalena Wutkowska, Anna Vader, Ramiro Logares, Eric Pelletier, Tove M. Gabrielsen
bioRxiv 2021.11.11.467955; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.11.467955

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