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Heat stress prevented the biomass and yield stimulation caused by elevated CO2 in two well-watered wheat cultivars

View ORCID ProfileSachin G. Chavan, Remko A. Duursma, Michael Tausz, Oula Ghannoum
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.21.469459
Sachin G. Chavan
1ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797 Penrith NSW 2751 Australia.
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  • For correspondence: S.Chavan@westernsydney.edu.au
Remko A. Duursma
1ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797 Penrith NSW 2751 Australia.
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Michael Tausz
2Institute for Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton QLD 4701 Australia
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Oula Ghannoum
1ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797 Penrith NSW 2751 Australia.
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Abstract

To investigate the interactive effects of elevated CO2 and heat stress (HS), we grew two contrasting wheat cultivars, early-maturing Scout and high-tillering Yitpi, under non-limiting water and nutrients at ambient (aCO2, 450 ppm) or elevated (eCO2, 650 ppm) CO2 and 22°C in the glasshouse. Plants were exposed to two 3-day HS cycles at the vegetative (38.1°C) and/or flowering (33.5°C) stage.

At aCO2, both wheat cultivars showed similar responses of photosynthesis and mesophyll conductance to temperature and produced similar grain yield. Relative to aCO2, eCO2 enhanced photosynthesis rate and reduced stomatal conductance and maximal carboxylation rate (Vcmax). During HS, high temperature stimulated photosynthesis at eCO2 in both cultivars, while eCO2 stimulated photosynthesis in Scout. Electron transport rate (Jmax) was unaffected by any treatment. eCO2 equally enhanced biomass and grain yield of both cultivars in control, but not HS, plants. HS reduced biomass and yield of Scout at eCO2. Yitpi, the cultivar with higher grain nitrogen, underwent a trade-off between grain yield and nitrogen. In conclusion, eCO2 improved photosynthesis of control and HS wheat, and improved biomass and grain yield of control plants only. Under well-watered conditions, HS was not detrimental to photosynthesis or growth but precluded a yield response to eCO2.

Key message High temperatures increased photosynthetic rates only at eCO2 and photosynthesis was upregulated after recovery from heat stress at eCO2 in Scout suggesting that eCO2 increased optimum temperature of photosynthesis.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • Remko Duursma, Email - remkoduursma{at}gmail.com, Michael Tausz, Email - m.tausz{at}cqu.edu.au, Oula Ghannoum, Email - O.Ghannoum{at}westernsydney.edu.au

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted November 22, 2021.
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Heat stress prevented the biomass and yield stimulation caused by elevated CO2 in two well-watered wheat cultivars
Sachin G. Chavan, Remko A. Duursma, Michael Tausz, Oula Ghannoum
bioRxiv 2021.11.21.469459; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.21.469459
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Heat stress prevented the biomass and yield stimulation caused by elevated CO2 in two well-watered wheat cultivars
Sachin G. Chavan, Remko A. Duursma, Michael Tausz, Oula Ghannoum
bioRxiv 2021.11.21.469459; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.21.469459

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