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Age-related decline in function of ON and OFF visual pathways

View ORCID ProfileAmithavikram R Hathibelagal, Vishal Prajapati, Indrani Jayagopi, Subhadra Jalali, Shonraj Ballae Ganeshrao
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.03.471168
Amithavikram R Hathibelagal
1Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
2Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Center, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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  • For correspondence: amithavikram@lvpei.org
Vishal Prajapati
1Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
2Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Center, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Indrani Jayagopi
1Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Science, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
2Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Center, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Subhadra Jalali
3Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for vitreoretinal diseases, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
4Jasti V Ramanamma Children’s Eye Care Centre, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Shonraj Ballae Ganeshrao
5Department of Optometry, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Abstract

Purpose Simple psychophysical paradigm is available as a digital application in iOS devices such as iPad to measure the function of ON and OFF visual pathways. However, an age-matched normative database is not readily available. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the response of ON and OFF visual pathways as a function of age.

Methods 158 normal healthy adults (84 males and 74 females) whose age ranged 18-80 years participated in the study. None of them had any ocular disease (except cataract of grade II or less) and visual acuity of ≤ 20/25. Monocular testing (only one eye) was performed on the ‘EyeSpeed’ application on an iPad at 40cm distance. The targets ranged between 1 to 3 light or dark squares presented randomly in a noise background and participants responded by indicating the number of squares by touching the screen as fast as possible. The main outcome variables are reaction time, accuracy and performance index (1 / speed * accuracy).

Results The median reaction time was shorter (Median (IQR): 1.53s (0.49) [dark] Vs 1.76s (0.58) [light], p < 0.001) and accuracy was higher (97.21% (3.30) [dark] Vs 95.15% (5.10) [light], p < 0.001) for dark targets than the light targets. Performance index and reaction time for both target types significantly correlated with age (ρ = −0.41 to −0.43; p < 0.001).

Conclusions This normative database will be useful to quantify disease-specific defects. More importantly, the ON pathway function can potentially serve as a surrogate for rod photoreceptor function.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted December 03, 2021.
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Age-related decline in function of ON and OFF visual pathways
Amithavikram R Hathibelagal, Vishal Prajapati, Indrani Jayagopi, Subhadra Jalali, Shonraj Ballae Ganeshrao
bioRxiv 2021.12.03.471168; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.03.471168
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Age-related decline in function of ON and OFF visual pathways
Amithavikram R Hathibelagal, Vishal Prajapati, Indrani Jayagopi, Subhadra Jalali, Shonraj Ballae Ganeshrao
bioRxiv 2021.12.03.471168; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.03.471168

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