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- December 22, 2021.
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- Bo Meng1,2,#,
- Isabella A.T.M Ferreira1,2,#,
- Adam Abdullahi1,2,#,
- Akatsuki Saito3,#,
- Izumi Kimura4,#,
- Daichi Yamasoba5,#,
- Steven A. Kemp1,2,
- Niluka Goonawardane1,2,
- Guido Papa6,
- Saman Fatihi7,
- Surabhi Rathore7,
- Terumasa Ikeda5,
- Mako Toyoda8,
- Toong Seng Tan9,
- Jin Kuramochi9,
- Shigeki Mitsunaga10,
- Takamasa Ueno8,
- Oscar J. Charles12,5,
- CITIID-NIHR BioResource COVID-19 Collaboration,
- The Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium,
- Ecuador-COVID19 Consortium,
- Kenneth G.C. Smith1,2,
- John Bradley2,
- Jinwook Choi13,
- Elo Madissoon14,15,
- Kerstin Meyer14,
- Petra Mlcochova1,2,
- Rainer Doffinger2,
- Sarah A. Teichmann14,16,
- Leo James3,
- Joo Hyeon Lee13,17,
- Lipi Thukral7,
- Kei Sato4,18,* and
- Ravindra K. Gupta1,2,19,*
- 1Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK
- 2Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- 3Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan
- 4Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 1088639, Japan
- 5Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan
- 6MRC – Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
- 7CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- 8Division of Infection and Immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan
- 9Kuramochi Clinic Interpark, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 3210114, Japan
- 10Human Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 4118540, Japan
- 11Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
- 12Division of Infection and Immunity, UCL, London
- 13Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
- 14Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- 15European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
- 16Cavendish Laboratory/Dept Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- 17Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- 18CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 3220012, Japan
- 19Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- ↵*Address for correspondence: rkg20{at}cam.ac.uk; keisato{at}g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
↵# Equal contribution.