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Integrated Tick Management in the Upper Midwest: Impact of Invasive Vegetation Removal and Host-targeted Acaricides on Ixodes scapularis Infestation and Borrelia burgdorferi Prevalence of Small Mammals

Jordan T. Mandli, Xia Lee, Susan M. Paskewitz
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.07.475376
Jordan T. Mandli
Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Xia Lee
Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Susan M. Paskewitz
Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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  • For correspondence: smpaskew@wisc.edu
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ABSTRACT

Integration of tick management strategies has been suggested to overcome ecological variation in tick, host, pathogen, and habitat, yet empirical evidence assessing combined treatment effect on blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis Say, is limited. In this 5-year study (2014-2018) we tested whether combining two methods targeting tick/mammal interactions could reduce juvenile I. scapularis parasitism of two small mammal species, Peromyscus leucopus Rafinesque and Tamias striatus Linnaeus. Infection of small mammals with Borrelia burgdorferi was used to evaluate host exposure to feeding ticks. Using a factorial design, removal of invasive vegetation (Amur honeysuckle, Lonicera maackii Ruprecht and common buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica Linnaeus) was coupled with deployments of permethrin-treated cotton nesting materials (tick tubes) and evaluated against control sites. Removal of invasive vegetation resulted in lower captures of T. striatus suggesting that treatment impacted reservoir activity in the plots. Deployments of permethrin-treated cotton were effective at reducing the frequency of juvenile I. scapularis parasitism of P. leucopus by 91% across the study compared to controls. However, tick tubes did not offer consistent protection against mouse exposure to B. burgdorferi exposure. An additive negative effect was detected for juvenile tick intensity on P. leucopus when tick tubes were combined with invasive vegetation removal. We conclude that integration of these two methods provides very limited benefit and that permethrin treatment alone offers the best option for reducing I. scapularis infestation on P. leucopus.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • Susan Paskewitz, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Dr. Madison, WI 53706

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 International license.
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Posted January 07, 2022.
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Integrated Tick Management in the Upper Midwest: Impact of Invasive Vegetation Removal and Host-targeted Acaricides on Ixodes scapularis Infestation and Borrelia burgdorferi Prevalence of Small Mammals
Jordan T. Mandli, Xia Lee, Susan M. Paskewitz
bioRxiv 2022.01.07.475376; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.07.475376
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Integrated Tick Management in the Upper Midwest: Impact of Invasive Vegetation Removal and Host-targeted Acaricides on Ixodes scapularis Infestation and Borrelia burgdorferi Prevalence of Small Mammals
Jordan T. Mandli, Xia Lee, Susan M. Paskewitz
bioRxiv 2022.01.07.475376; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.07.475376

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