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Quantitative Assessment of 3D Printed Blood Vessels Produced with J750™ Digital Anatomy™ for Suture Simulation

Stefania Marconi, Valeria Mauri, Erika Negrello, Luigi Pugliese, Andrea Pietrabissa, Ferdinando Auricchio
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.09.475308
Stefania Marconi
1Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
2Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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  • For correspondence: stefania.marconi@unipv.it
Valeria Mauri
1Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Erika Negrello
1Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Luigi Pugliese
2Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Andrea Pietrabissa
2Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
3Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Ferdinando Auricchio
1Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Abstract

Blood vessels anastomosis is one of the most challenging and delicate tasks to learn in many surgical specialties, especially for vascular and abdominal surgeons. Such a critical skill implies a learning curve that goes beyond technical execution. The surgeon needs to gain proficiency in adapting gestures and the amount of force expressed according to the type of tissue he/she is dealing with. In this context, surgical simulation is gaining a pivotal role in the training of surgeons, but currently available simulators can provide only standard or simplified anatomies, without the chance of presenting specific pathological conditions and rare cases.

3D printing technology, allowing the manufacturing of extremely complex geometries, find a perfect application in the production of realistic replica of patient-specific anatomies. According to available technologies and materials, morphological aspects can be easily handled, while the reproduction of tissues mechanical properties still poses major problems, especially when dealing with soft tissues.

The present work focuses on blood vessels, with the aim of identifying – by means of both qualitative and quantitative tests - materials combinations able to best mimic the behavior of the biological tissue during anastomoses, by means of J750™ Digital Anatomy™ technology and commercial photopolymers from Stratasys. Puncture tests and stitch traction tests are used to quantify the performance of the various formulations. Surgical simulations involving anastomoses are performed on selected clinical cases by surgeons to validate the results.

A total of 37 experimental materials were tested and 2 formulations were identified as the most promising solutions to be used for anastomoses simulation. Clinical applicative tests, specifically selected to challenge the new materials, raised additional issues on the performance of the materials to be considered for future developments.

Competing Interest Statement

The present work was supported by Stratasys Inc. who provided a J750™ Digital Anatomy™ 3D printer and the required material to run the tests.

Footnotes

  • ↵* email: stefania.marconi{at}unipv.it

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted January 11, 2022.
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Quantitative Assessment of 3D Printed Blood Vessels Produced with J750™ Digital Anatomy™ for Suture Simulation
Stefania Marconi, Valeria Mauri, Erika Negrello, Luigi Pugliese, Andrea Pietrabissa, Ferdinando Auricchio
bioRxiv 2022.01.09.475308; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.09.475308
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Quantitative Assessment of 3D Printed Blood Vessels Produced with J750™ Digital Anatomy™ for Suture Simulation
Stefania Marconi, Valeria Mauri, Erika Negrello, Luigi Pugliese, Andrea Pietrabissa, Ferdinando Auricchio
bioRxiv 2022.01.09.475308; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.09.475308

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