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The Antimicrobial Activity of Pechuel-Loeschea leubnitziae Leaf Extract and its Effect on The Expression Level of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Candida albicans Virulence-Associated Genes

View ORCID ProfileMariah Ndilimeke Muhongo, Mourine Kangogo, Christine Bii
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.11.475881
Mariah Ndilimeke Muhongo
1The Pan African University of Basic Science, Technology and Innovation. Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
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  • For correspondence: mariah.muhongo@gmail.com
Mourine Kangogo
2Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology. Department of Medical Microbiology
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Christine Bii
3Kenya Medical Research Institute. Center for Microbiology Research
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ABSTRACT

The complete halt in the synthesis of new effective antimicrobial compounds is a global concern. Pathogenic microorganisms’ virulence mechanisms seem to have a significant impact on their pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to examine the antimicrobial activity of the ethanol and methanol fractions of Pechuel-Loeschea leubnitziae leaf extract, as well as its effect on the expression level of virulence-associated genes.

The extract’s fractions were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae (clinical), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans ATCC 90029. The test organism’s antibiogram pattern was determined. The extracts’ attenuation effect on the target genes of the susceptible organisms was investigated employing relative quantification using RT-qPCR. The test organism’s antibiogram pattern revealed that it was drug-resistant, intermediate, and sensitive. The extracts tested positive for antimicrobial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans ATCC 90029, with zones of inhibition varying from 20.33 to 29 mm. The lowest recorded MIC value was 4.688 mg/ml, while the highest was 37.5 mg/ml. In contrast to the methanol extract, the ethanol extract had a cidal action at a lower dose. The ethanol extract’s Sub-MIC (18.25 mg/ml) merely reduced the expression of the hly gene in MRSA. The MRSA virulence genes were not suppressed by the sub-MIC of methanol extract (18.25 mg/ml). Notably, the expression of als1, pbl1, and sap1 in Candida albicans ATCC 90029 was significantly attenuated when exposed to sub-MICs of ethanol extract (2,344 mg/ml) and methanol extract (9.375 mg/ml). Per the findings of this research, the leaves of P. leubnitziae could be a source of an effective antimicrobial agent in the therapy of MRSA/Candida-related disorders.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted January 11, 2022.
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The Antimicrobial Activity of Pechuel-Loeschea leubnitziae Leaf Extract and its Effect on The Expression Level of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Candida albicans Virulence-Associated Genes
Mariah Ndilimeke Muhongo, Mourine Kangogo, Christine Bii
bioRxiv 2022.01.11.475881; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.11.475881
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The Antimicrobial Activity of Pechuel-Loeschea leubnitziae Leaf Extract and its Effect on The Expression Level of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Candida albicans Virulence-Associated Genes
Mariah Ndilimeke Muhongo, Mourine Kangogo, Christine Bii
bioRxiv 2022.01.11.475881; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.11.475881

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