BECN1 F121A mutation increases autophagic flux in aged mice and improves aging phenotypes in an organ-dependent manner

Abstract

Autophagy is necessary for lifespan extension in multiple model organisms and autophagy dysfunction impacts age-related phenotypes and diseases. Introduction of an F121A mutation into the essential autophagy protein BECN1 constitutively increases basal autophagy in young mice and reduces cardiac and renal age-related changes in longer-lived Becn1^F121A mutant mice. However, both autophagic and lysosomal activity have been described to decline with age. Thus, whether autophagic flux is maintained during aging and whether it is enhanced in Becn1^F121A mice is unknown. Here we demonstrate that old wild type mice maintained functional autophagic flux in heart, kidney and skeletal muscle but not liver, and old Becn1^F121A mice had increased autophagic flux in those same organs compared to wild type. In parallel, Becn1^F121A mice were not protected against age-associated hepatic phenotypes but demonstrated reduced skeletal muscle fiber atrophy. These findings identify an organ-specific role for the ability of autophagy to impact organ aging phenotypes.