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A snapshot of brain and cognition in healthy mid-life and older adults

View ORCID ProfileLéonie Borne, Michelle K. Lupton, Christine Guo, Philip Mosley, Robert Adam, Amelia Ceslis, Pierrick Bourgeat, Amir Fazlollahi, Paul Maruff, Christopher C. Rowe, Colin L. Masters, Jurgen Fripp, Gail A. Robinson, Michael Breakspear, for the Prospective Imaging Study of Ageing, the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle flagship study
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.20.476706
Léonie Borne
aUniversity of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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  • For correspondence: leonie.borne@gmail.com
Michelle K. Lupton
bQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Christine Guo
cActiGraph LLC, Pensacola, FL, USA
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Philip Mosley
bQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
dCSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Robert Adam
eUQ Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Amelia Ceslis
fQueensland Brain Institute & School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Pierrick Bourgeat
dCSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Amir Fazlollahi
dCSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Paul Maruff
gFlorey Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Christopher C. Rowe
hDepartment of Molecular Imaging & Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
gFlorey Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Colin L. Masters
gFlorey Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Jurgen Fripp
dCSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Gail A. Robinson
fQueensland Brain Institute & School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Michael Breakspear
aUniversity of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Abstract

Deficits in memory are seen as a canonical sign of ageing and a prodrome to dementia in older adults. However, the nature of cognitive and brain changes across a wider aperture of adulthood is not well known. We quantify the relationship between cognitive function and brain morphology from mid-life to older adulthood, and the influence of age, sex, amyloid and genetic risk for dementia. We analyzed three observational cohorts (PISA, AIBL, ADNI) with cognitive, genetic and neuroimaging measures comprising a total of 1570 healthy mid-life and older adults (mean age 72, range 49-90 years, 1330 males) and 1365 age- and sex-matched adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer’s disease. Among healthy adults, we find robust modes of co-variation between regional sulcal width and multidomain cognitive function that change from mid-life to the older age range. The most prominent cortical changes in mid-life are predominantly associated with changes in executive functions, whereas they are most strongly associated with poorer memory function in older age. These cognitive changes are accompanied by an age-dependent pattern of sulcal widening. Amyloid exerts a weak, but significant, influence on cognition, but not on sulcal width. The APOE ɛ4 allele also exerts a weak influence on cognition, but only significantly in the (larger and older) AIBL cohort. These findings provide new insights into brain and cognition in mid-life and older adults, suggesting that cognitive screening in mid-life cohorts should encompass executive functions as well as memory.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted January 22, 2022.
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A snapshot of brain and cognition in healthy mid-life and older adults
Léonie Borne, Michelle K. Lupton, Christine Guo, Philip Mosley, Robert Adam, Amelia Ceslis, Pierrick Bourgeat, Amir Fazlollahi, Paul Maruff, Christopher C. Rowe, Colin L. Masters, Jurgen Fripp, Gail A. Robinson, Michael Breakspear, for the Prospective Imaging Study of Ageing, the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle flagship study
bioRxiv 2022.01.20.476706; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.20.476706
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A snapshot of brain and cognition in healthy mid-life and older adults
Léonie Borne, Michelle K. Lupton, Christine Guo, Philip Mosley, Robert Adam, Amelia Ceslis, Pierrick Bourgeat, Amir Fazlollahi, Paul Maruff, Christopher C. Rowe, Colin L. Masters, Jurgen Fripp, Gail A. Robinson, Michael Breakspear, for the Prospective Imaging Study of Ageing, the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle flagship study
bioRxiv 2022.01.20.476706; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.20.476706

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