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On the clinical benefit of on-scalp MEG: A modeling study of on-scalp MEG epileptic activity source estimation ability

Karin Westin, Sándor Beniczky, Matti Hämäläinen, Daniel Lundqvist
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.28.478237
Karin Westin
1NatMEG, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
2Clinical Neurophysiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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  • For correspondence: karin.westin@ki.se
Sándor Beniczky
3Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark and Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
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Matti Hämäläinen
4Department of Psychiatry and the Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
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Daniel Lundqvist
1NatMEG, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract

Objective Whole-head on scalp magnetoencephalography (osMEG) is a novel, cutting-edge functional neuroimaging technique that positions MEG sensors closer to the cortical sources. OsMEG allows both for free head movements and improved spatial resolution compared to conventional MEG. OsMEG thus might improve clinical epilepsy evaluations. However, it remains largely unknown how osMEG characterizes epileptic activity. Here, we aimed to compare epileptic activity source estimation accuracy of osMEG, high-density EEG (hd-EEG), conventional MEG (convMEG) and subdural EEG (sbdEEG).

Method IED and seizure onset zone source estimations of osMEG, hdEEG, convMEG and sbdEEG were evaluated using equivalent current dipoles. Cancellation index of all non-invasive modalities were calculated and compared statistically. To further investigate any similarity between osMEG and sbdEEG, representational similarity analysis was used to compare IED source estimations of these two modalities.

Results We found that osMEG IED source estimations were significantly (p<0.05) better than both convMEG and hdEEG. Furthermore, osMEG mesial temporal lobe SOZ source estimations were superior to those of convMEG and hdEEG. OsMEG cancellation index did not differ significantly from convMEG. Interestingly, comparing osMEG and sbdEEG IED source estimation demonstrated that osMEG might be less sensitive to source directions than convMEG.

Conclusion We demonstrated that whole-head osMEG exhibited very accurate non-invasive IED and SOZ source estimations, better than both hd-EEG and convMEG.

Significance OsMEG has a promising potential to become a safe, highly sensitive neuroimaging modality for whole head epilepsy evaluations.

Highlights

  • Analysis of novel on-scalp MEG (osMEG) sensors in epilepsy evaluations

  • Compares osMEG, EEG, conventional MEG & intracranial EEG epilepsy source estimations

  • Our study demonstrates potential great clinical value of osMEG whole-head sensors

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

  • Abbrevations

    osMEG
    on scalp magnetoencephalography
    convMEG
    conventional magnetoencephalography
    hdEEG
    high density electroencephalography
    sbdEEG
    subdural electroencephalography
    IED
    interictal epileptiform discharge
    OPM
    optically pumped magnetometer
    highTc SQUID
    high critical temperature superconducting quantum interference devices
    SOZ
    seizure onset zone
  • Copyright 
    The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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    Posted January 28, 2022.
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    On the clinical benefit of on-scalp MEG: A modeling study of on-scalp MEG epileptic activity source estimation ability
    Karin Westin, Sándor Beniczky, Matti Hämäläinen, Daniel Lundqvist
    bioRxiv 2022.01.28.478237; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.28.478237
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    On the clinical benefit of on-scalp MEG: A modeling study of on-scalp MEG epileptic activity source estimation ability
    Karin Westin, Sándor Beniczky, Matti Hämäläinen, Daniel Lundqvist
    bioRxiv 2022.01.28.478237; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.28.478237

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