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Virological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2 variant
Daichi Yamasoba, Izumi Kimura, Hesham Nasser, Yuhei Morioka, Naganori Nao, Jumpei Ito, Keiya Uriu, Masumi Tsuda, Jiri Zahradnik, Kotaro Shirakawa, Rigel Suzuki, Mai Kishimoto, Yusuke Kosugi, Kouji Kobiyama, Teppei Hara, Mako Toyoda, Yuri L Tanaka, Erika P Butlertanaka, Ryo Shimizu, Hayato Ito, Lei Wang, Yoshitaka Oda, Yasuko Orba, Michihito Sasaki, Kayoko Nagata, Kumiko Yoshimatsu, Hiroyuki Asakura, Mami Nagashima, Kenji Sadamasu, Kazuhisa Yoshimura, Jin Kuramochi, Motoaki Seki, Ryoji Fujiki, Atsushi Kaneda, Tadanaga Shimada, Taka-aki Nakada, Seiichiro Sakao, Takuji Suzuki, Takamasa Ueno, Akifumi Takaori-Kondo, Ken J Ishii, Gideon Schreiber, The Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium, Hirofumi Sawa, Akatsuki Saito, Takashi Irie, Shinya Tanaka, Keita Matsuno, Takasuke Fukuhara, Terumasa Ikeda, Kei Sato
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.14.480335
Daichi Yamasoba
1Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
2Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
Izumi Kimura
1Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Hesham Nasser
3Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
4Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Yuhei Morioka
5Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Naganori Nao
6Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
7One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Jumpei Ito
1Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Keiya Uriu
1Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
8Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Masumi Tsuda
9Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
10Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Jiri Zahradnik
11Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Kotaro Shirakawa
12Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Rigel Suzuki
5Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Mai Kishimoto
13Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Yusuke Kosugi
1Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
14Laboratory of Systems Virology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
15Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Kouji Kobiyama
16Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Teppei Hara
16Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Mako Toyoda
17Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
Yuri L Tanaka
18Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
Erika P Butlertanaka
18Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
Ryo Shimizu
3Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
Hayato Ito
5Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Lei Wang
9Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
10Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Yoshitaka Oda
9Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Yasuko Orba
13Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
19International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Michihito Sasaki
13Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
19International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Kayoko Nagata
12Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Kumiko Yoshimatsu
20Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Hiroyuki Asakura
21Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
Mami Nagashima
21Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
Kenji Sadamasu
21Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
Kazuhisa Yoshimura
21Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
Jin Kuramochi
22Kuramochi Clinic Interpark, Utsunomiya, Japan
Motoaki Seki
23Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
Ryoji Fujiki
23Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
Atsushi Kaneda
23Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
Tadanaga Shimada
24Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
Taka-aki Nakada
24Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
Seiichiro Sakao
25Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
Takuji Suzuki
25Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
Takamasa Ueno
17Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
12Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Ken J Ishii
16Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Gideon Schreiber
11Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
Hirofumi Sawa
6Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
7One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
13Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
19International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Akatsuki Saito
18Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
26Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
27Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
Takashi Irie
28Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
Shinya Tanaka
9Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
10Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Keita Matsuno
7One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
19International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
29Division of Risk Analysis and Management, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Takasuke Fukuhara
5Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Terumasa Ikeda
3Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
Kei Sato
1Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
8Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
30CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
Abstract
Soon after the emergence and global spread of a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron lineage, BA.1 (ref1, 2), another Omicron lineage, BA.2, has initiated outcompeting BA.1. Statistical analysis shows that the effective reproduction number of BA.2 is 1.4-fold higher than that of BA.1. Neutralisation experiments show that the vaccine-induced humoral immunity fails to function against BA.2 like BA.1, and notably, the antigenicity of BA.2 is different from BA.1. Cell culture experiments show that BA.2 is more replicative in human nasal epithelial cells and more fusogenic than BA.1. Furthermore, infection experiments using hamsters show that BA.2 is more pathogenic than BA.1. Our multiscale investigations suggest that the risk of BA.2 for global health is potentially higher than that of BA.1.
Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
Copyright
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license.
Posted February 15, 2022.
Virological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2 variant
Daichi Yamasoba, Izumi Kimura, Hesham Nasser, Yuhei Morioka, Naganori Nao, Jumpei Ito, Keiya Uriu, Masumi Tsuda, Jiri Zahradnik, Kotaro Shirakawa, Rigel Suzuki, Mai Kishimoto, Yusuke Kosugi, Kouji Kobiyama, Teppei Hara, Mako Toyoda, Yuri L Tanaka, Erika P Butlertanaka, Ryo Shimizu, Hayato Ito, Lei Wang, Yoshitaka Oda, Yasuko Orba, Michihito Sasaki, Kayoko Nagata, Kumiko Yoshimatsu, Hiroyuki Asakura, Mami Nagashima, Kenji Sadamasu, Kazuhisa Yoshimura, Jin Kuramochi, Motoaki Seki, Ryoji Fujiki, Atsushi Kaneda, Tadanaga Shimada, Taka-aki Nakada, Seiichiro Sakao, Takuji Suzuki, Takamasa Ueno, Akifumi Takaori-Kondo, Ken J Ishii, Gideon Schreiber, The Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium, Hirofumi Sawa, Akatsuki Saito, Takashi Irie, Shinya Tanaka, Keita Matsuno, Takasuke Fukuhara, Terumasa Ikeda, Kei Sato
bioRxiv 2022.02.14.480335; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.14.480335
Virological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2 variant
Daichi Yamasoba, Izumi Kimura, Hesham Nasser, Yuhei Morioka, Naganori Nao, Jumpei Ito, Keiya Uriu, Masumi Tsuda, Jiri Zahradnik, Kotaro Shirakawa, Rigel Suzuki, Mai Kishimoto, Yusuke Kosugi, Kouji Kobiyama, Teppei Hara, Mako Toyoda, Yuri L Tanaka, Erika P Butlertanaka, Ryo Shimizu, Hayato Ito, Lei Wang, Yoshitaka Oda, Yasuko Orba, Michihito Sasaki, Kayoko Nagata, Kumiko Yoshimatsu, Hiroyuki Asakura, Mami Nagashima, Kenji Sadamasu, Kazuhisa Yoshimura, Jin Kuramochi, Motoaki Seki, Ryoji Fujiki, Atsushi Kaneda, Tadanaga Shimada, Taka-aki Nakada, Seiichiro Sakao, Takuji Suzuki, Takamasa Ueno, Akifumi Takaori-Kondo, Ken J Ishii, Gideon Schreiber, The Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium, Hirofumi Sawa, Akatsuki Saito, Takashi Irie, Shinya Tanaka, Keita Matsuno, Takasuke Fukuhara, Terumasa Ikeda, Kei Sato
bioRxiv 2022.02.14.480335; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.14.480335
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