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Age influences audiovisual speech processing in multi-talker scenarios – Evidence from cortical oscillations

View ORCID ProfileAlexandra Begau, View ORCID ProfileLaura-Isabelle Klatt, View ORCID ProfileDaniel Schneider, View ORCID ProfileEdmund Wascher, View ORCID ProfileStephan Getzmann
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.23.481314
Alexandra Begau
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Germany
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  • For correspondence: begau@ifado.de
Laura-Isabelle Klatt
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Germany
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Daniel Schneider
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Germany
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Edmund Wascher
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Germany
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Stephan Getzmann
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Germany
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Abstract

Age-related differences in the processing of audiovisual speech in a multi-talker environment were investigated analyzing event-related spectral perturbations (ERSPs), focusing on theta, alpha, and beta oscillations that are assumed to reflect conflict processing, multisensory integration, and attentional mechanisms, respectively. Eighteen older and 21 younger healthy adults completed a two-alternative forced-choice word discrimination task, responding to audiovisual speech stimuli. In a cocktail-party scenario with two competing talkers (located at-15° and 15° azimuth), target words (/yes/ or /no/) appeared at a pre-defined (attended) position, distractor words at the other position. In two audiovisual conditions, acoustic speech was combined either with congruent or uninformative visual speech. While a behavioral benefit for congruent audiovisual speech occurred for both age groups, differences between audiovisual conditions in the theta and beta band were only present for older adults. A stronger increase in theta perturbations for stimuli containing uninformative visual speech could be associated with early conflict processing, while a stronger suppression in beta perturbations for congruent audiovisual speech could be associated to audiovisual integration. Compared to the younger group, the older group showed generally stronger beta perturbations. No condition differences in the alpha band were found. Overall, the findings suggest age-related differences in audiovisual speech integration in a multi-talker environment. While the behavioral benefit of congruent audiovisual speech was unaffected by age, older adults had a stronger need for cognitive control when processing conflicting audiovisual speech input. Furthermore, mechanisms of audiovisual integration are differently activated depending on the informational content of the visual information.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • https://osf.io/hm93t/?view_only=e86beac05d5b4ed08e42866b4fe65bb1

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted February 25, 2022.
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Age influences audiovisual speech processing in multi-talker scenarios – Evidence from cortical oscillations
Alexandra Begau, Laura-Isabelle Klatt, Daniel Schneider, Edmund Wascher, Stephan Getzmann
bioRxiv 2022.02.23.481314; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.23.481314
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Age influences audiovisual speech processing in multi-talker scenarios – Evidence from cortical oscillations
Alexandra Begau, Laura-Isabelle Klatt, Daniel Schneider, Edmund Wascher, Stephan Getzmann
bioRxiv 2022.02.23.481314; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.23.481314

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