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Origin and persistence of polymorphism in loci targeted by disassortative preference: a general model

Camille Coron, Manon Costa, Hélène Leman, View ORCID ProfileViolaine Llaurens, Charline Smadi
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.09.483509
Camille Coron
*Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de mathématiques d’Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
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Manon Costa
†Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse; UMR5219. Université de Toulouse; CNRS. UPS, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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Hélène Leman
‡Univ. Lyon, Inria, ENSL, UMPA, CNRS UMR 5669, 69364 Lyon, France
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Violaine Llaurens
§Institut de Systématique, Evolution et Biodiversité (UMR 7205 CNRS/MNHN/SU/EPHE/UA), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle - CP50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 PARIS, FRANCE
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Charline Smadi
¶Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INRAE, LESSEM, 38000 Grenoble, France and Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Fourier, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Abstract

The emergence and persistence of polymorphism within populations generally requires specific selective regimes. Here, we develop an unifying theoretical framework to explore how disassortative mating can generate and maintain polymorphism at the targeted loci. To this aim, we model the dynamics of alleles at a single locus A in a population of haploid individuals, where reproductive success depends on the combination of alleles carried by the parents at locus A. Our theoretical study of the model confirms that the conditions for the persistence of a given level of allelic polymorphism depend on the relative reproductive advantages among pairs of individuals. Interestingly, equilibria with unbalanced allelic frequencies were shown to emerge from successive introduction of mutants.We then investigate the role of the function linking allelic divergence to reproductive advantage on the evolutionary fate of alleles within population. Our results highlight the significance of the shape of this function on both the number of alleles maintained and their level of genetic divergence. Large number of alleles are maintained with substantial turn-over among alleles when disassortative advantage slowly increases when allelic differentiation becomes large. In contrast, few highly differentiated alleles are predicted to be maintained when genetic differentiation has a strong effect on disassortative advantage. These opposite effects predicted by our model shed light on the levels of allelic differentiation and polymorphism empirically observed in loci targeted by disassortative mate choice.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • https://plmlab.math.cnrs.fr/costa2150/heterozygote_advantage

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted March 10, 2022.
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Origin and persistence of polymorphism in loci targeted by disassortative preference: a general model
Camille Coron, Manon Costa, Hélène Leman, Violaine Llaurens, Charline Smadi
bioRxiv 2022.03.09.483509; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.09.483509
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Origin and persistence of polymorphism in loci targeted by disassortative preference: a general model
Camille Coron, Manon Costa, Hélène Leman, Violaine Llaurens, Charline Smadi
bioRxiv 2022.03.09.483509; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.09.483509

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