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Characterization of EDS1-independent plant defense responses against bacterial pathogens using Duckweed/Pseudomonas pathosystems

View ORCID ProfileE.L Baggs, View ORCID ProfileM.B Tiersma, B.W Abramson, View ORCID ProfileT.P Michael, View ORCID ProfileK.V Krasileva
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.31.486129
E.L Baggs
1Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, USA
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M.B Tiersma
1Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, USA
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B.W Abramson
2Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, USA
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T.P Michael
2Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, USA
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K.V Krasileva
1Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, USA
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  • For correspondence: kseniak@berkeley.edu
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Abstract

ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1) mediates the induction of defense responses against pathogens in most land plants. However, it has recently been shown that a few species have lost EDS1. It is unknown how defense against disease unfolds and evolves in the absence of EDS1. Here we utilize duckweeds; a collection of aquatic species that lack EDS1, to investigate this question. We successfully established duckweed-Pseudomonas pathosystems and were able to characterize pathogen-induced responses in an immune system that lacks the EDS1 signaling pathway. We show that the copy number of infection-associated genes and the infection-induced transcriptional responses of duckweeds differ from that of other model species. Moreover, we show that the conservation of canonical Microbe Triggered Immunity and Effector Triggered Immunity pathways varies between duckweed species. This work shows that pathogen defense has evolved along different trajectories and uncovers alternative genomic and transcriptional reprogramming. Specifically, the miAMP1 domain containing proteins, which are absent in Arabidopsis, show pathogen responsive upregulation in duckweeds. Despite such divergence between Arabidopsis and duckweed species, we find evidence for the conservation of upregulation of certain genes and the role of hormones in response to disease. Our work highlights the importance of expanding the pool of model species to study defense responses that have evolved in the plant kingdom, including those independent of EDS1.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted April 01, 2022.
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Characterization of EDS1-independent plant defense responses against bacterial pathogens using Duckweed/Pseudomonas pathosystems
E.L Baggs, M.B Tiersma, B.W Abramson, T.P Michael, K.V Krasileva
bioRxiv 2022.03.31.486129; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.31.486129
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Characterization of EDS1-independent plant defense responses against bacterial pathogens using Duckweed/Pseudomonas pathosystems
E.L Baggs, M.B Tiersma, B.W Abramson, T.P Michael, K.V Krasileva
bioRxiv 2022.03.31.486129; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.31.486129

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