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Neuro-cognitive models of single-trial EEG measures describe latent effects of spatial attention during perceptual decision making

Amin Ghaderi-Kangavari, View ORCID ProfileJamal Amani Rad, View ORCID ProfileKourosh Parand, View ORCID ProfileMichael D. Nunez
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.07.487571
Amin Ghaderi-Kangavari
*Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, Email:
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  • For correspondence: amin.g.ghaderi@gmail.com
Jamal Amani Rad
†Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, Email: ;
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  • For correspondence: j_amanirad@sbu.ac.ir j.amanirad@gmail.com j_amanirad@sbu.ac.ir j.amanirad@gmail.com
Kourosh Parand
‡Department of Data and Computer Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, Email:
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Michael D. Nunez
§Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Email:
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  • For correspondence: m.d.nunez@uva.nl
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Abstract

Visual perceptual decision-making involves multiple components including visual encoding, attention, accumulation of evidence, and motor execution. Recent research suggests that EEG oscillations can identify the time of encoding and the onset of evidence accumulation during perceptual decision-making. Although scientists show that spatial attention improves participant performance in decision making, little is know about how spatial attention influences the individual cognitive components that gives rise to that improvement in performance. We found evidence in this work that both visual encoding time (VET) before evidence accumulation and other non-decision time process after or during evidence accumulation are influenced by spatial top-down attention, but not evidence accumulation itself. Specifically we used an open-source data set in which participants were informed about the location of a target stimulus in the visual field on some trials during a face-car perceptual decision-making task. Fitting neural drift-diffusion models to response time, accuracy, and single-trial N200 latencies (~ 125 to 225 ms post-stimulus) of EEG allowed us to separate the processes of visual encoding and the decision process from other non-decision time processes such as motor execution. These models were fit in a single step in a hierarchical Bayesian framework. Model selection criteria and comparison to model simulations show that spatial attention manipulates both VET and other non-decision time process. We discuss why spatial attention may affect other non-evidence accumulation processes, such as motor execution time (MET), and why this may seem unexpected given the literature. We make recommendations for future work on this topic.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • https://github.com/AGhaderi/spatial_attenNCM

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted April 10, 2022.
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Neuro-cognitive models of single-trial EEG measures describe latent effects of spatial attention during perceptual decision making
Amin Ghaderi-Kangavari, Jamal Amani Rad, Kourosh Parand, Michael D. Nunez
bioRxiv 2022.04.07.487571; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.07.487571
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Neuro-cognitive models of single-trial EEG measures describe latent effects of spatial attention during perceptual decision making
Amin Ghaderi-Kangavari, Jamal Amani Rad, Kourosh Parand, Michael D. Nunez
bioRxiv 2022.04.07.487571; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.07.487571

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