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Genotype-dependent responses to long-term water stress in Chenopodium quinoa Willd

View ORCID ProfileI. Maestro-Gaitán, View ORCID ProfileS. Granado-Rodríguez, View ORCID ProfileM. Orús, View ORCID ProfileJ. Matías, V Cruz, View ORCID ProfileL. Bolaños, View ORCID ProfileM. Reguera
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.12.488037
I. Maestro-Gaitán
1Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Darwin 2, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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  • ORCID record for I. Maestro-Gaitán
S. Granado-Rodríguez
1Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Darwin 2, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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M. Orús
1Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Darwin 2, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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J. Matías
2Agrarian Research Institute “La Orden-Valdesequera” of Extremadura (CICYTEX). 06187, Badajoz, Spain
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V Cruz
2Agrarian Research Institute “La Orden-Valdesequera” of Extremadura (CICYTEX). 06187, Badajoz, Spain
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L. Bolaños
1Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Darwin 2, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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M. Reguera
1Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Darwin 2, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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  • For correspondence: maria.reguera@uam.es
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Abstract

Within the current climate context, freshwater resources have become scarce. Agriculture, especially in rain-fed conditions, should deal with the need for increasing yields to contribute to food security under limiting water availability. Exploring underutilized crops such as Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa) has become a unique opportunity as some of these crops possess the ability to tolerate several abiotic stresses, including drought. In line with this, this work aimed at evaluating the genotype-dependent response to drought by comparing the performance of different European-adapted cultivars (F14, F15, F16, and Titicaca). The results show that the cultivars here evaluated presented different mechanisms to cope with long-term water stress, including changes in phenology, morphology, or physiology. Among them, the cultivar F16 might be the most promising genotype to grow under water-limiting conditions as it was able to increase Water Use Efficiency (WUE), reducing the stomatal conductance and keeping CO2 assimilation rates similar to well-watered conditions, maintaining seed yield and increasing harvest index (HI) under water deficit conditions. Furthermore, based on these results, we propose a model in which differences between a tolerant and a sensitive genotype are presented. Altogether, we believe that this work will significantly contribute to broadening our understanding regarding how quinoa responds to long-term water stress highlighting genotype-related differences that will allow the selection of the best adapted genotypes for water-limiting environments.

Highlight Quinoa physiological, phenological, and morphological distinct responses to long-term water stress depending on the genotype.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Footnotes

  • Isacc Maestro Gaitán: Isaac.maestro{at}uam.es; Sara Granado Rodríguez; sara.granado{at}uam.es; María Isabel Orús Orús: mabel.orus{at}uam.es; Luis Bolaños Rosa: luis.bolarios{at}uam.es; María Reguera Blázquez: maria.reguera{at}uam.es; Javier Matías Prieto: javier.matias{at}juntaex.es; Verónica Cruz Sobrado: veronica.cruz{at}juntaex.es;

  • Abbreviations

    ETR
    electron transportation rate
    DW
    dry weight
    FW
    fresh weight
    GSW
    stomatal conductance
    HI
    harvest index
    Fv/Fm
    maximum quantum yield of photosystem II
    ΦPSII
    efficiency of photosystem II
    NPQ
    non-photochemical quenching
    SWC
    soil water content
    WD
    water-deficit
    WW
    well-watered.
  • Copyright 
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    Posted April 13, 2022.
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    Genotype-dependent responses to long-term water stress in Chenopodium quinoa Willd
    I. Maestro-Gaitán, S. Granado-Rodríguez, M. Orús, J. Matías, V Cruz, L. Bolaños, M. Reguera
    bioRxiv 2022.04.12.488037; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.12.488037
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    Genotype-dependent responses to long-term water stress in Chenopodium quinoa Willd
    I. Maestro-Gaitán, S. Granado-Rodríguez, M. Orús, J. Matías, V Cruz, L. Bolaños, M. Reguera
    bioRxiv 2022.04.12.488037; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.12.488037

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