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Minute-scale oscillatory sequences in medial entorhinal cortex

View ORCID ProfileSoledad Gonzalo Cogno, Horst A. Obenhaus, View ORCID ProfileR. Irene Jacobsen, Flavio Donato, May-Britt Moser, Edvard I. Moser
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.02.490273
Soledad Gonzalo Cogno
1Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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  • ORCID record for Soledad Gonzalo Cogno
  • For correspondence: soledad.g.cogno@ntnu.no flavio.donato@unibas.ch may-britt.moser@ntnu.no edvard.moser@ntnu.no
Horst A. Obenhaus
1Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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R. Irene Jacobsen
1Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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  • ORCID record for R. Irene Jacobsen
Flavio Donato
2Biozentrum Universität Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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  • For correspondence: soledad.g.cogno@ntnu.no flavio.donato@unibas.ch may-britt.moser@ntnu.no edvard.moser@ntnu.no
May-Britt Moser
1Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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  • For correspondence: soledad.g.cogno@ntnu.no flavio.donato@unibas.ch may-britt.moser@ntnu.no edvard.moser@ntnu.no
Edvard I. Moser
1Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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  • For correspondence: soledad.g.cogno@ntnu.no flavio.donato@unibas.ch may-britt.moser@ntnu.no edvard.moser@ntnu.no
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Abstract

The medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) hosts many of the brain’s circuit elements for spatial navigation and episodic memory, operations that require neural activity to be organized across long durations of experience1. While location is known to be encoded by a plethora of spatially tuned cell types in this brain region2–6, little is known about how the activity of entorhinal cells is tied together over time. Among the brain’s most powerful mechanisms for neural coordination are network oscillations, which dynamically synchronize neural activity across circuit elements7–10. In MEC, theta and gamma oscillations provide temporal structure to the neural population activity at subsecond time scales1,11–13. It remains an open question, however, whether similarly powerful coordination occurs in MEC at behavioural time scales, in the second-to-minute regime. Here we show that MEC activity can be organized into a minute-scale oscillation that entrains nearly the entire cell population, with periods ranging from 10 to 100 seconds. Throughout this ultraslow oscillation, neural activity progresses in periodic and stereotyped sequences. This activity was elicited while mice ran at free pace on a rotating wheel in darkness, with no change in its location or running direction and no scheduled rewards. The oscillation sometimes advanced uninterruptedly for tens of minutes, transcending epochs of locomotion and immobility. Similar oscillatory sequences were not observed in neighboring parasubiculum or in visual cortex. The ultraslow oscillation of activity sequences in MEC may have the potential to couple its neurons and circuits across extended time scales and to serve as a scaffold for processes that unfold at behavioural time scales, such as navigation and episodic memory formation.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted May 02, 2022.
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Minute-scale oscillatory sequences in medial entorhinal cortex
Soledad Gonzalo Cogno, Horst A. Obenhaus, R. Irene Jacobsen, Flavio Donato, May-Britt Moser, Edvard I. Moser
bioRxiv 2022.05.02.490273; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.02.490273
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Minute-scale oscillatory sequences in medial entorhinal cortex
Soledad Gonzalo Cogno, Horst A. Obenhaus, R. Irene Jacobsen, Flavio Donato, May-Britt Moser, Edvard I. Moser
bioRxiv 2022.05.02.490273; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.02.490273

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