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Low spontaneous mutation rate in a complex multicellular eukaryote with a haploid-diploid life cycle

Marc Krasovec, Agnieszka P. Lipinska, View ORCID ProfileSusana M. Coelho
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.13.491831
Marc Krasovec
1Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
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  • For correspondence: krasovec@obs-banyuls.fr susana.coelho@tuebingen.mpg.de
Agnieszka P. Lipinska
2Department of Algal Development and Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Susana M. Coelho
2Department of Algal Development and Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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  • For correspondence: krasovec@obs-banyuls.fr susana.coelho@tuebingen.mpg.de
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Abstract

The spontaneous mutation rate µ is a crucial parameter driving evolution and biodiversity. Mutation rates are highly variable across species, suggesting that µ is susceptible to selection and drift and that species life cycle and life history may impact its evolution. In particular, asexual reproduction and haploid selection are expected to affect mutation rate, but very little empirical data is available to test this expectation. Here, we sequence 30 genomes of a parent-offspring pedigree in the brown algae Ectocarpus to test the impact of its life cycle on mutation rate. Ectocarpus alternates between a haploid and a diploid stage, both multicellular and free living, and utilizes both sexual and asexual reproduction. Ectocarpus is therefore a unique model to empirically test expectations of the effect of asexual reproduction and haploid selection on mutation rate evolution. We estimate that Ectocarpus has a nucleotide mutation rate of µbs=4.07×10−10 per site per generation, a surprisingly low number for a multicellular complex eukaryote. Effective population size (Ne) and genome size could not explain this low mutation rate. We propose that the haploid-diploid life cycle, combined with extensive asexual reproduction may be key drivers of mutation rate.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted May 13, 2022.
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Low spontaneous mutation rate in a complex multicellular eukaryote with a haploid-diploid life cycle
Marc Krasovec, Agnieszka P. Lipinska, Susana M. Coelho
bioRxiv 2022.05.13.491831; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.13.491831
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Low spontaneous mutation rate in a complex multicellular eukaryote with a haploid-diploid life cycle
Marc Krasovec, Agnieszka P. Lipinska, Susana M. Coelho
bioRxiv 2022.05.13.491831; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.13.491831

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