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Lack of ITS sequence homogenization in congeneric plant species with different ploidy levels

View ORCID ProfileCarolina Osuna-Mascaró, View ORCID ProfileRafael Rubio de Casas, Modesto Berbel, José M. Gómez, View ORCID ProfileFrancisco Perfectti
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.29.493735
Carolina Osuna-Mascaró
1Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
2Research Unit Modeling Nature, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
3Department of Biology, University of Nevada-Reno, USA
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  • For correspondence: cosuna@unr.edu fperfect@ugr.es
Rafael Rubio de Casas
2Research Unit Modeling Nature, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
4Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Modesto Berbel
1Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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José M. Gómez
2Research Unit Modeling Nature, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
5Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva, Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (EEZA-CSIC), Almería, Spain
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Francisco Perfectti
1Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
2Research Unit Modeling Nature, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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  • For correspondence: cosuna@unr.edu fperfect@ugr.es
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Abstract

The internal transcribed spacers (ITS) exhibit concerted evolution by the fast homogenization of these sequences at the intragenomic level. However, the rate and extension of this process are unclear and might be conditioned by the number and divergence of the different ITS copies. In some cases, such as hybrid species and polyploids, ITS sequence homogenization appears incomplete, resulting in multiple haplotypes within the same organism. Here, we studied the dynamics of concerted evolution in 85 individuals of seven plant species of the genus Erysimum (Brassicaceae) with multiple ploidy levels. We estimated the rate of concerted evolution and the degree of sequence homogenization separately for ITS1 and ITS2 and whether these varied with ploidy. Our results showed incomplete sequence homogenization, especially for polyploid samples, indicating a lack of concerted evolution in these taxa. Homogenization was usually higher in ITS2 than in ITS1, suggesting that concerted evolution operates more efficiently on the former. Furthermore, the hybrid origin of several species appears to contribute to the maintenance of high haplotype diversity, regardless of the level of ploidy. These findings indicate that sequence homogenization of ITS is a dynamic and complex process that might result in varying intra- and inter-genomic diversity levels.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted May 29, 2022.
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Lack of ITS sequence homogenization in congeneric plant species with different ploidy levels
Carolina Osuna-Mascaró, Rafael Rubio de Casas, Modesto Berbel, José M. Gómez, Francisco Perfectti
bioRxiv 2022.05.29.493735; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.29.493735
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Lack of ITS sequence homogenization in congeneric plant species with different ploidy levels
Carolina Osuna-Mascaró, Rafael Rubio de Casas, Modesto Berbel, José M. Gómez, Francisco Perfectti
bioRxiv 2022.05.29.493735; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.29.493735

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