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Geographic variability of hybridization between Red-breasted and Red-naped Sapsuckers

View ORCID ProfileLibby Natola, View ORCID ProfileShawn M. Billerman, View ORCID ProfileMatthew D. Carling, View ORCID ProfileSampath S. Seneviratne, View ORCID ProfileDarren Irwin
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.08.01.502336
Libby Natola
1Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
2Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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  • For correspondence: libby.natola@gmail.com
Shawn M. Billerman
3Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Matthew D. Carling
4Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie WY, USA
5Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
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Sampath S. Seneviratne
6Avian Sciences & Conservation, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Darren Irwin
1Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
2Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Abstract

Hybrid zones reveal the strength of reproductive isolation between populations undergoing speciation and are thus a key tool used in evolutionary biology research. Multiple replicate transects across the same hybrid zone offer further insight into the dynamics of hybridization in different environments, clarifying the role of extrinsic forces on the speciation process. Red-breasted and Red-naped Sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus ruber and S. nuchalis) have a long zone of contact over approximately 1,600 km from central British Columbia, Canada to central California, USA. We compared Genotyping-by-Sequencing data from three independent sapsucker hybrid zone transects to compare hybridization dynamics between the same species under variable geoclimatic conditions. We then generated geographic clines of the genomic data to compare hybrid zone widths and used Random Forest models and linear regression to assess the relationship between climate and sapsucker ancestry along each transect. Our results show variation in symmetry and directionality of back crossing, patterns often indicative of moving hybrid zones. We note variable cline widths among transects, indicating differences in the selection maintaining hybrid zone dynamics. Furthermore, Random Forest models identified different variables in close association with sapsucker ancestry across each transect. These results indicate a lack of repeatability across replicate transects and a strong influence of the local environment on hybrid zone dynamics.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted August 03, 2022.
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Geographic variability of hybridization between Red-breasted and Red-naped Sapsuckers
Libby Natola, Shawn M. Billerman, Matthew D. Carling, Sampath S. Seneviratne, Darren Irwin
bioRxiv 2022.08.01.502336; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.08.01.502336
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Geographic variability of hybridization between Red-breasted and Red-naped Sapsuckers
Libby Natola, Shawn M. Billerman, Matthew D. Carling, Sampath S. Seneviratne, Darren Irwin
bioRxiv 2022.08.01.502336; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.08.01.502336

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