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Sensing of viral RNA in plants via a DICER-LIKE Ribonuclease

Carsten Poul Skou Nielsen, Lijuan Han, View ORCID ProfileLaura Arribas-Hernández, Darya Karelina, Morten Petersen, View ORCID ProfilePeter Brodersen
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.10.523395
Carsten Poul Skou Nielsen
1Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
4Novo Nordisk A/S, Hagedornsvej 1, Gentofte, Denmark
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Lijuan Han
1Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
5Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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Laura Arribas-Hernández
1Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Darya Karelina
2Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Morten Petersen
3Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Peter Brodersen
1Copenhagen Plant Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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  • For correspondence: pbrodersen@bio.ku.dk
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ABSTRACT

Sensors of intracellular double-stranded RNA are central components of metazoan innate antiviral immunity, but such sensors have not been identified in plants. RNA interference (RNAi) constitutes a potent plant antiviral defense mechanism that relies on conversion of viral RNA into small interfering RNAs by two DICER-LIKE (DCL) ribonucleases, DCL4 and DCL2. Here, we show that while plant DCL4 is dedicated to RNAi, cytoplasmic dicing by DCL2 also triggers RNAi-independent defense gene expression via at least two intracellular nucleotide-binding domain/leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors. Combined DCL4/NLR inactivation abrogates basal resistance to a positive strand RNA virus. Our results redefine the basis of plant antiviral immunity, including autoimmunity as an explanation for DCL2-dependent growth arrest in dcl and RNA decay mutants in several plant species.

One sentence summary The plant immune system uses Dicer-like ribonucleases for both antiviral RNA interference and double-stranded RNA sensing.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 International license.
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Posted January 11, 2023.
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Sensing of viral RNA in plants via a DICER-LIKE Ribonuclease
Carsten Poul Skou Nielsen, Lijuan Han, Laura Arribas-Hernández, Darya Karelina, Morten Petersen, Peter Brodersen
bioRxiv 2023.01.10.523395; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.10.523395
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Sensing of viral RNA in plants via a DICER-LIKE Ribonuclease
Carsten Poul Skou Nielsen, Lijuan Han, Laura Arribas-Hernández, Darya Karelina, Morten Petersen, Peter Brodersen
bioRxiv 2023.01.10.523395; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.10.523395

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