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Resting-state fMRI signals contain spectral signatures of local hemodynamic response timing

Sydney M. Bailes, View ORCID ProfileDaniel E. P. Gomez, View ORCID ProfileBeverly Setzer, View ORCID ProfileLaura D. Lewis
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.25.525528
Sydney M. Bailes
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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Daniel E. P. Gomez
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
2Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
3Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Beverly Setzer
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
4Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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Laura D. Lewis
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
2Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
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  • For correspondence: ldlewis@bu.edu
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Abstract

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has proven to be a powerful tool for noninvasively measuring human brain activity; yet, thus far, fMRI has been relatively limited in its temporal resolution. A key challenge is understanding the relationship between neural activity and the blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signal obtained from fMRI, generally modeled by the hemodynamic response function (HRF). The timing of the HRF varies across the brain and individuals, confounding our ability to make inferences about the timing of the underlying neural processes. Here we show that resting-state fMRI signals contain information about HRF temporal dynamics that can be leveraged to understand and characterize variations in HRF timing across both cortical and subcortical regions. We found that the frequency spectrum of resting-state fMRI signals significantly differs between voxels with fast versus slow HRFs in human visual cortex. These spectral differences extended to subcortex as well, revealing significantly faster hemodynamic timing in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus. Ultimately, our results demonstrate that the temporal properties of the HRF impact the spectral content of resting-state fMRI signals and enable voxel-wise characterization of relative hemodynamic response timing. Furthermore, our results show that caution should be used in studies of resting-state fMRI spectral properties, as differences can arise from purely vascular origins. This finding provides new insight into the temporal properties of fMRI signals across voxels, which is crucial for accurate fMRI analyses, and enhances the ability of fast fMRI to identify and track fast neural dynamics.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted January 26, 2023.
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Resting-state fMRI signals contain spectral signatures of local hemodynamic response timing
Sydney M. Bailes, Daniel E. P. Gomez, Beverly Setzer, Laura D. Lewis
bioRxiv 2023.01.25.525528; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.25.525528
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Resting-state fMRI signals contain spectral signatures of local hemodynamic response timing
Sydney M. Bailes, Daniel E. P. Gomez, Beverly Setzer, Laura D. Lewis
bioRxiv 2023.01.25.525528; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.25.525528

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