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A simple rule for the evolution of fast dispersal at the edge of expanding populations

View ORCID ProfileMaxime Deforet, Carlos Carmona-Fontaine, Kirill S. Korolev, Joao B. Xavier
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/221390
Maxime Deforet
1Program in Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Carlos Carmona-Fontaine
2Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York
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Kirill S. Korolev
3Department of Physics and Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston
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Joao B. Xavier
1Program in Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Abstract

Evolution by natural selection is commonly perceived as a process that favors those that replicate faster to leave more offspring; nature, however, seem to abound with examples where organisms forgo some replicative potential to disperse faster. When does selection favor invasion of the fastest? Motivated by evolution experiments with swarming bacteria we searched for a simple rule. In experiments, a fast hyperswarmer mutant that pays a reproductive cost to make many copies of its flagellum invades a population of mono-flagellated bacteria by reaching the expanding population edge; a two-species mathematical model explains that invasion of the edge occurs only if the invasive species’ expansion rate, v2, which results from the combination of the species growth rate and its dispersal speed (but not its carrying capacity), exceeds the established species’, v1. The simple rule that we derive, v2 > v1, appears to be general: less favorable initial conditions, such as smaller initial sizes and longer distances to the population edge, delay but do not entirely prevent invasion. Despite intricacies of the swarming system, experimental tests agree well with model predictions suggesting that the general theory should apply to other expanding populations with trade-offs between growth and dispersal, including non-native invasive species and cancer metastases.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted November 17, 2017.
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A simple rule for the evolution of fast dispersal at the edge of expanding populations
Maxime Deforet, Carlos Carmona-Fontaine, Kirill S. Korolev, Joao B. Xavier
bioRxiv 221390; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/221390
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A simple rule for the evolution of fast dispersal at the edge of expanding populations
Maxime Deforet, Carlos Carmona-Fontaine, Kirill S. Korolev, Joao B. Xavier
bioRxiv 221390; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/221390

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