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Elevated and sustained reactive oxygen species levels facilitate mesoderm formation during early Xenopus development

Yue Han, Yaoyao Chen, Nick R. Love, Shoko Ishibashi, View ORCID ProfileEnrique Amaya
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/223453
Yue Han
1Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
2Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102 P. R. China
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Yaoyao Chen
1Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
3Current address: STEMCELL Technologies UK ltd, Building 7100, Cambridge Research Park, Beach Drive, Waterbeach, Cambridge, UK, CB25 9TL
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Nick R. Love
1Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
4Current address: Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Shoko Ishibashi
1Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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Enrique Amaya
1Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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  • ORCID record for Enrique Amaya
  • For correspondence: enrique.amaya@manchester.ac.uk
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ABSTRACT

Fertilisation triggers embryonic development culminating with the activation of a number of highly co-ordinated and evolutionarily conserved signalling pathways, which induce and pattern the mesoderm of the developing embryo. Previous studies in invertebrates have shown that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a reactive oxygen species (ROS), can act as a signalling molecule for axis specification during early development. Using a HyPer transgenic Xenopus laevis line that expresses a H2O2-sensitive fluorescent protein sensor maternally, we recently found that fertilisation triggers a rapid increase in ROS production. Here we show that this increase in ROS levels is sustained throughout early embryogenesis, lasting until the tailbud stages. In addition we show that lowering ROS levels from the blastula stage through the gastrula stages via antioxidant treatments disrupts mesoderm formation. Furthermore, we show that attenuating ROS levels during the blastula / gastrula stages affects some, but not all, growth factor signalling pathways involved in mesoderm induction and patterning, including the PI3K/Akt, TGF-β/Nodal, and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways. These data suggest that sustained elevated ROS levels during the blastula and gastrula stages are essential for early vertebrate embryonic development, at least partly, through their roles in promoting growth factor signalling.

Footnotes

  • Other authors’ email addresses: Yue Han: yhan{at}xmu.edu.cn, Yaoyao Chen: yoyoster{at}gmail.com, Nick R. Love: nicklove{at}stanford.edu, Shoko Ishibashi: shoko.ishibashi{at}manchester.ac.uk

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted November 21, 2017.
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Elevated and sustained reactive oxygen species levels facilitate mesoderm formation during early Xenopus development
Yue Han, Yaoyao Chen, Nick R. Love, Shoko Ishibashi, Enrique Amaya
bioRxiv 223453; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/223453
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Elevated and sustained reactive oxygen species levels facilitate mesoderm formation during early Xenopus development
Yue Han, Yaoyao Chen, Nick R. Love, Shoko Ishibashi, Enrique Amaya
bioRxiv 223453; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/223453

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