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Mitogenomic data indicate admixture components of Asian Hun and Srubnaya origin in the Hungarian Conquerors

View ORCID ProfileEndre Neparáczki, Zoltán Maróti, Tibor Kalmár, Klaudia Kocsy, Kitti Maár, Péter Bihari, István Nagy, Erzsébet Fóthi, Ildikó Pap, Ágnes Kustár, György Pálfi, István Raskó, Albert Zink, View ORCID ProfileTibor Török
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/250688
Endre Neparáczki
1Department of Genetics, University of Szeged, Hungary
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Zoltán Maróti
2Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine
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Tibor Kalmár
2Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, University of Szeged, Faculty of Medicine
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Klaudia Kocsy
1Department of Genetics, University of Szeged, Hungary
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Kitti Maár
1Department of Genetics, University of Szeged, Hungary
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Péter Bihari
3SeqOmics Biotechnology Ltd. Mórahalom, Hungary
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István Nagy
3SeqOmics Biotechnology Ltd. Mórahalom, Hungary
4Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
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Erzsébet Fóthi
5Department of Anthropology, Hungarian Natural History Museum Budapest, Hungary
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Ildikó Pap
5Department of Anthropology, Hungarian Natural History Museum Budapest, Hungary
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Ágnes Kustár
5Department of Anthropology, Hungarian Natural History Museum Budapest, Hungary
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György Pálfi
6Department of Biological Anthropology University of Szeged, Hungary
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István Raskó
7Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
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Albert Zink
8Institute for Mummies and the Iceman EURAC Bolzano, Italy
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Tibor Török
1Department of Genetics, University of Szeged, Hungary
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  • For correspondence: torokt@bio.u-szeged.hu
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Abstract

It has been widely accepted that the Finno-Ugric Hungarian language, originated from proto Uralic people, was brought into the Carpathian Basin by the Hungarian Conquerors. From the middle of the 19th century this view prevailed against the deep-rooted Hungarian Hun tradition, maintained in folk memory as well as in Hungarian and foreign written medieval sources, which claimed that Hungarians were kinsfolk of the Huns. In order to shed light on the genetic origin of the Conquerors we sequenced 102 mitogenomes from early Conqueror cemeteries and compared them to sequences of all available databases. We applied novel population genetic algorithms, named Shared Haplogroup Distance and MITOMIX, to reveal past admixture of maternal lineages. Phylogenetic and population genetic analysis indicated that more than one third of the Conqueror maternal lineages were derived from Central-Inner Asia and their most probable ultimate sources were the Asian Huns. The rest of the lineages most likely originated from the Bronze Age Potapovka-Poltavka-Srubnaya cultures of the Pontic-Caspian steppe, which area was part of the later European Hun empire. Our data give support to the Hungarian Hun tradition and provides indirect evidence for the genetic connection between Asian and European Huns. Available data imply that the Conquerors did not have a major contribution to the gene pool of the Carpathian Basin, raising doubts about the Conqueror origin of Hungarian language.

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Posted January 19, 2018.
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Mitogenomic data indicate admixture components of Asian Hun and Srubnaya origin in the Hungarian Conquerors
Endre Neparáczki, Zoltán Maróti, Tibor Kalmár, Klaudia Kocsy, Kitti Maár, Péter Bihari, István Nagy, Erzsébet Fóthi, Ildikó Pap, Ágnes Kustár, György Pálfi, István Raskó, Albert Zink, Tibor Török
bioRxiv 250688; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/250688
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Mitogenomic data indicate admixture components of Asian Hun and Srubnaya origin in the Hungarian Conquerors
Endre Neparáczki, Zoltán Maróti, Tibor Kalmár, Klaudia Kocsy, Kitti Maár, Péter Bihari, István Nagy, Erzsébet Fóthi, Ildikó Pap, Ágnes Kustár, György Pálfi, István Raskó, Albert Zink, Tibor Török
bioRxiv 250688; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/250688

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