Article Information
History
- February 8, 2018.
Article Versions
- You are currently viewing Version 1 of this article (February 8, 2018 - 13:02).
- View Version 2, the most recent version of this article.
Copyright
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
Author Information
- Richard Karlsson Linnér1,2,3,*,
- Pietro Biroli4,*,
- Edward Kong5,*,
- S Fleur W Meddens1,2,3,*,
- Robbee Wedow6,7,8,*,
- Mark Alan Fontana9,10,
- Maël Lebreton11,12,
- Abdel Abdellaoui13,
- Anke R Hammerschlag1,
- Michel G Nivard13,
- Aysu Okbay1,3,
- Cornelius A Rietveld14,2,15,
- Pascal N Timshel16,17,
- Stephen P Tino18,
- Maciej Trzaskowski19,
- Ronald de Vlaming1,2,3,
- Christian L Zünd4,
- Yanchun Bao20,
- Laura Buzdugan21,22,
- Ann H Caplin23,
- Chia-Yen Chen24,25,26,
- Peter Eibich27,28,29,
- Pierre Fontanillas30,
- Juan R Gonzalez31,32,33,
- Peter K Joshi34,
- Ville Karhunen35,
- Aaron Kleinman30,
- Remy Z Levin36,
- Christina M Lill37,38,
- Gerardus A Meddens39,
- Gerard Muntané40,
- Sandra Sanchez-Roige41,
- Frank J van Rooij15,
- Erdogan Taskesen1,
- Yang Wu19,
- Futao Zhang19,
- 23andMe Research Team,
- eQTLgen Consortium,
- International Cannabis Consortium,
- Psychiatric Genomics Consortium,
- Social Science Genetic Association Consortium,
- Adam Auton30,
- Jason D Boardman8,7,
- David W Clark34,
- Andrew Conlin42,
- Conor C Dolan13,
- Urs Fischbacher43,44,
- Patrick JF Groenen45,2,
- Kathleen Mullan Harris46,47,
- Gregor Hasler48,
- Albert Hofman15,49,
- Mohammad A Ikram15,
- Sonia Jain50,
- Robert Karlsson51,
- Ronald C Kessler52,
- Maarten Kooyman53,
- James MacKillop54,55,
- Minna Männikkö35,
- Carlos Morcillo-Suarez40,
- Matthew B McQueen56,
- Klaus M Schmidt57,
- Melissa C Smart20,
- Matthias Sutter58,59,
- A Roy Thurik14,2,60,
- Andre G Uitterlinden61,
- Jon White62,
- Harriet de Wit63,
- Jian Yang19,64,
- Lars Bertram37,65,66,
- Dorret Boomsma13,
- Tõnu Esko67,
- Ernst Fehr22,
- David A Hinds30,
- Magnus Johannesson68,
- Meena Kumari20,
- David Laibson5,
- Patrik KE Magnusson51,
- Michelle N Meyer69,
- Arcadi Navarro40,70,
- Abraham A Palmer41,
- Tune H Pers16,17,
- Danielle Posthuma1,71,
- Daniel Schunk72,
- Murray B Stein41,50,
- Rauli Svento42,
- Henning Tiemeier15,
- Paul RHJ Timmers34,
- Patrick Turley25,26,73,
- Robert J Ursano74,
- Gert G Wagner75,28,
- James F Wilson34,76,
- Jacob Gratten19,
- James J Lee77,
- David Cesarini78,
- Daniel J Benjamin9,73,79,§,
- Philipp D Koellinger1,3,80,§ and
- Jonathan P Beauchamp18,*,§
- 1Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- 2Erasmus University Rotterdam Institute for Behavior and Biology, Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, Rotterdam, 3062 PA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- 3School of Business and Economics, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- 4Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Schönberggasse 1, Zurich, 8001, Switzerland
- 5Economics, Harvard University, 1805 Cambridge St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- 6Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30th Street, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- 7Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado Boulder, 1440 15th Street, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- 8Department of Sociology, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB 327, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- 9Center for the Advancement of Value in Musculoskeletal Care, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
- 10Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, 635 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- 11Amsterdam School of Economics, University of Amsterdam, Roetersstraat 11, Amsterdam, 1018 WB, The Netherlands
- 12Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129B, Amsterdam, 1001 NK, Netherlands
- 13Biological psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorstraat 1, Amsterdam, 1087 BT, The Netherlands
- 14Department of Applied Economics, Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, Rotterdam, 3062 PA, The Netherlands
- 15Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, Rotterdam, 3015 GE, The Netherlands
- 16Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
- 17Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, 2300, Denmark
- 18Department of Economics, University of Toronto, 150 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G7, Canada
- 19Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
- 20Institute for Social & Economic Research, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
- 21Seminar for Statistics, Department of Mathematics, ETH Zurich, Raemistrasse 101, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
- 22Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Bluemlisalpstrasse 10, Zurich, 8006, Switzerland
- 23Stuyvesant High School, New York, NY 10282, USA
- 24Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- 25Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Richard B. Simches Research building, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN-6818, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- 26Stanley Center for Psychiatric Genomics, The Broad Institute at Harvard and MIT, 75 Ames St, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- 27Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
- 28Socio-Economic Panel Study, DIW Berlin, Mohrenstr. 58, Berlin, 10117, Germany
- 29Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Str. 1, Rostock, 18057, Germany
- 30Research, 23andMe, Inc., 899 W Evelyn Ave, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA
- 31Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, 8003, Spain
- 32Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, 8003, Spain
- 33CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, 280229, Spain
- 34Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
- 35Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5, Oulu, 90220, Finland
- 36Department of Economics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- 37Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Maria-Goeppert-Str. 1, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
- 38Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Lübeck, 23538, Germany
- 39Team Loyalty BV, Debbemeerstraat 25, Hoofddorp, 2131 HE, The Netherlands
- 40Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona, 8003, Spain
- 41Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- 42Department of Economics and Finance, Oulu Business School, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90570, Finland
- 43Department of Economics, University of Konstanz, Universitätssstraße 10, Konstanz, 78457, Germany
- 44Thurgau Institute of Economics, Hauptstrasse 90, Kreuzlingen, 8280, Switzerland
- 45Department of Econometrics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, Rotterdam, 3062 PA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- 46Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 201 Hamilton Hall CB #3210, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- 47Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 West Franklin St., Suite 2190, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
- 48Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bolligenstrasse 111, Bern, 3000, Switzerland
- 49Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- 50Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- 51Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12a, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
- 52Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, 180 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
- 53SURFsara, Science Park 140, Amsterdam, 1098 XG, The Netherlands
- 54Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, Ontario, L8P 3R2, Canada
- 55Homewood Research Institute, 150 Delhi Street, Riverslea Building, Guelph, Ontario, N1E 6K9, Canada
- 56Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, 354 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- 57Department of Economics, University of Munich, Ludwigstrasse 28, Munich, 80539, Germany
- 58Department of Economics, University of Cologne, Albert-Magnus-Platz, Cologne, 50923, Germany
- 59Experimental Economics Group, Max Planck Institute for Research into Collective Goods, Schumacher Strasse 10, Bonn, D-51113, Germany
- 60Montpellier Business School, Montpellier, 34080, France
- 61Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
- 62UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- 63Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC 3077, Rm L485, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- 64Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
- 65Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Maria-Goeppert-Str. 1, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
- 66School of Public Health, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- 67Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
- 68Department of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics, Box 6501, Stockholm, 113 83, Sweden
- 69Center for Translational Bioethics and Health Care Policy, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA
- 70Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Parc de Recerca Bomèdica. Carrer Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona, 8003, Spain
- 71Department of Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Centre, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- 72Department of Economics, Johannes Gutenberg University, Jakob-Welder-Weg 4, Mainz, 55128, Germany
- 73Behavioral and Health Genomics Center, University of Southern California, 635 Downey Way, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- 74Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University Health Science, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- 75Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, Berlin, 14195, Germany
- 76MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland
- 77Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 75 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- 78Department of Economics, New York University, 19 W 4th St, 6 FL, NY 10012, USA
- 79National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- 80German Institute for Economic Research, DIW Berlin, Mohrenstr. 58, Berlin, 10117, Germany