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Understanding 6th-Century Barbarian Social Organization and Migration through Paleogenomics

Carlos Eduardo G. Amorim, Stefania Vai, Cosimo Posth, Alessandra Modi, István Koncz, Susanne Hakenbeck, Maria Cristina La Rocca, Balazs Mende, Dean Bobo, Walter Pohl, Luisella Pejrani Baricco, Elena Bedini, Paolo Francalacci, Caterina Giostra, Tivadar Vida, Daniel Winger, Uta von Freeden, Silvia Ghirotto, Martina Lari, Guido Barbujani, Johannes Krause, David Caramelli, Patrick J. Geary, Krishna R. Veeramah
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/268250
Carlos Eduardo G. Amorim
1Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
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Stefania Vai
2Dipartimento di Biologia Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50122, Italy
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Cosimo Posth
3Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straβe 10, Jena 07745, Germany
4Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
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Alessandra Modi
2Dipartimento di Biologia Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50122, Italy
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István Koncz
5Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Múzeum körút 4/B, Budapest 1088, Hungary
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Susanne Hakenbeck
6Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK
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Maria Cristina La Rocca
7Dipartimento DISSGeA, Università degli studi di Padova, Padova, 35100 Italy
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Balazs Mende
8Research Centre for the Humanities, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary
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Dean Bobo
1Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
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Walter Pohl
9Institut für Mittelalterforschung, Österreichische Akadamie der Wissenschaften, 1020 Vienna, Austria
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Luisella Pejrani Baricco
10Dipartimento di Storia, Archeologia e Storia dell’Arte, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, 20123, Italy
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Elena Bedini
10Dipartimento di Storia, Archeologia e Storia dell’Arte, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, 20123, Italy
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Paolo Francalacci
11Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Via Muroni 25, Sassari, I-07100 Italy
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Caterina Giostra
10Dipartimento di Storia, Archeologia e Storia dell’Arte, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, 20123, Italy
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Tivadar Vida
5Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Múzeum körút 4/B, Budapest 1088, Hungary
8Research Centre for the Humanities, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary
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Daniel Winger
12Heinrich Schliemann-Institut für Altertumswissenschaften Universität Rostock, 18055 Germany
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Uta von Freeden
13Römisch-Germanische Kommission des Deutschen Archälogischen Instituts, Frankfurt am Main, 60325, Germany
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Silvia Ghirotto
14Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotenologie, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, 44121, Italy
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Martina Lari
2Dipartimento di Biologia Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50122, Italy
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Guido Barbujani
14Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotenologie, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, 44121, Italy
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Johannes Krause
3Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straβe 10, Jena 07745, Germany
4Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
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David Caramelli
2Dipartimento di Biologia Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50122, Italy
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Patrick J. Geary
15Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton New Jersey, 08540, USA
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Krishna R. Veeramah
1Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
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ABSTARCT

Despite centuries of research, much about the barbarian migrations that took place between the fourth and sixth centuries in Europe remains hotly debated. To better understand this key era that marks the dawn of modern European societies, we obtained ancient genomic DNA from 63 samples from two cemeteries (from Hungary and Northern Italy) that have been previously associated with the Longobards, a barbarian people that ruled large parts of Italy for over 200 years after invading from Pannonia in 568 CE. Our dense cemetery-based sampling revealed that each cemetery was primarily organized around one large pedigree, suggesting that biological relationships played an important role in these early Medieval societies. Moreover, we identified genetic structure in each cemetery involving at least two groups with different ancestry that were very distinct in terms of their funerary customs. Finally, our data was consistent with the proposed long-distance migration from Pannonia to Northern Italy.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted February 20, 2018.
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Understanding 6th-Century Barbarian Social Organization and Migration through Paleogenomics
Carlos Eduardo G. Amorim, Stefania Vai, Cosimo Posth, Alessandra Modi, István Koncz, Susanne Hakenbeck, Maria Cristina La Rocca, Balazs Mende, Dean Bobo, Walter Pohl, Luisella Pejrani Baricco, Elena Bedini, Paolo Francalacci, Caterina Giostra, Tivadar Vida, Daniel Winger, Uta von Freeden, Silvia Ghirotto, Martina Lari, Guido Barbujani, Johannes Krause, David Caramelli, Patrick J. Geary, Krishna R. Veeramah
bioRxiv 268250; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/268250
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Understanding 6th-Century Barbarian Social Organization and Migration through Paleogenomics
Carlos Eduardo G. Amorim, Stefania Vai, Cosimo Posth, Alessandra Modi, István Koncz, Susanne Hakenbeck, Maria Cristina La Rocca, Balazs Mende, Dean Bobo, Walter Pohl, Luisella Pejrani Baricco, Elena Bedini, Paolo Francalacci, Caterina Giostra, Tivadar Vida, Daniel Winger, Uta von Freeden, Silvia Ghirotto, Martina Lari, Guido Barbujani, Johannes Krause, David Caramelli, Patrick J. Geary, Krishna R. Veeramah
bioRxiv 268250; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/268250

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