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Alzheimer’s environmental and genetic risk scores are differentially associated with ‘g’ and δ

Shea J. Andrews, G. Peggy McFall, Roger A. Dixon, Nicolas Cherbuin, Ranmalee Eramudugolla, Kaarin J Anstey
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/279018
Shea J. Andrews
1Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University,Canberra, Australia
2Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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  • For correspondence: shea.andrews@mssm.edu
G. Peggy McFall
3Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute and, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
4Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Roger A. Dixon
3Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute and, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
4Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Nicolas Cherbuin
1Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University,Canberra, Australia
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Ranmalee Eramudugolla
5School of Psychology, University of New South Wales and Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
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Kaarin J Anstey
1Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University,Canberra, Australia
5School of Psychology, University of New South Wales and Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
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Abstract

Introduction We investigated the association of the Australian National University Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI) and an AD genetic risk score (GRS) with cognitive performance.

Methods The ANU-ADRI (composed of 11 risk factors for AD) and GRS (composed of 25 AD risk loci) were computed in 1,061 community-dwelling older adults. Participants were assessed on 11 cognitive tests and activities of daily living. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate the association of the ANU-ADRI and GRS with: 1) general cognitive ability (g) 2) dementia related variance in cognitive performance (δ) and 3) verbal ability, episodic memory, executive function and processing speed.

Results A worse ANU-ADRI score was associated with poorer performance in ‘g’, δ, and each cognitive domain. A worse GRS was associated with poorer performance in δ and episodic memory.

Discussion The ANU-ADRI was broadly associated with worse cognitive performance, validating its further use in early dementia risk assessment.

Highlights

  • An environmental/lifestyle dementia risk index is broadly associated with cognitive performance

  • An Alzheimer’s genetic risk score is associated with dementia severity and episodic memory

  • The environmental risk index is more strongly associated with dementia severity than genetic risk

Systematic Review The authors reviewed the literature using online databases (e.g. PubMed). Previous research has highlighted the need for dementia risk assessment tools to be evaluated on outcomes prior to dementia onset, such as cognitive performance. The relevant citations have been appropriately cited.

Interpretation The Australian National University Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI) was more broadly associated with cognitive performance than Alzheimer’s genetic risk. For the ANU-ADRI, stronger effects were observed for dementia-related variance in cognitive task performance that for variance in general cognitive function. This suggests that ANU-ADRI is more specifically associated with dementia-related processes and further validates its use in early risk assessment for dementia.

Future Directions Accordingly, future studies should seek to evaluate the association of the ANU-ADRI and genetic risk with AD biomarkers and longitudinal cognitive performance to evaluate differential trajectories in ‘g’ and δ.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted March 08, 2018.
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Alzheimer’s environmental and genetic risk scores are differentially associated with ‘g’ and δ
Shea J. Andrews, G. Peggy McFall, Roger A. Dixon, Nicolas Cherbuin, Ranmalee Eramudugolla, Kaarin J Anstey
bioRxiv 279018; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/279018
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Alzheimer’s environmental and genetic risk scores are differentially associated with ‘g’ and δ
Shea J. Andrews, G. Peggy McFall, Roger A. Dixon, Nicolas Cherbuin, Ranmalee Eramudugolla, Kaarin J Anstey
bioRxiv 279018; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/279018

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